Fig. 5: Multilevel models of the effects of age and ovarian hormone levels on brain networks.

Points represent the observed data, and lines represent the multilevel model-implied intercepts (mean of model coefficients estimates for the random effect of subjects) and slopes (model coefficients estimates for the fixed effects of age, estradiol and progesterone). a Effect of age (in light blue) on node-metastability values at the whole-brain (p = 0.033), control (p = 0.002) and dorsal attention networks (p = 0.011). In these three cases, higher age predicted higher node-metastability values. b Significant effects of estradiol levels (in magenta) on node-metastability values at the whole-brain network (p < 0.001), on the default mode (p = 0.022), limbic (p < 0.001), dorsal attention (p = 0.021), somatomotor (p = 0.011), and subcortical networks (p = 0.026). In all cases, except for the default mode and somatomotor networks, higher estradiol levels predicted higher node-metastability values. c Significant effect of progesterone levels (in violet) on node-metastability values at the whole-brain network (p = 0.028), default mode (p < 0.001), limbic (p < 0.001), dorsal attention (p < 0.001), somatomotor (p < 0.001), and subcortical networks (p = 0.029). In all cases, except for the somatomotor network, higher progesterone levels predicted higher node-metastability values.