Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical features as a function of striatal (a)symmetry and sex
From: Striatal (a-)symmetry reveals sex-specific autonomic vulnerabilities in early Parkinson’s disease
Right-predominant striatal denervation (n = 133) | Left-predominant striatal denervation (n = 192) | Symmetric striatal denervation (n = 434) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean age in years ( ± SD) | 60.95 ( ± 9.52) | 60.94 ( ± 9.54) | 64.77 ( ± 8.96) | <0.0001 |
Mean age in years ( ± SD) women | 61.16 ( ± 9.67) | 61.27 ( ± 8.21) | 64.42 ( ± 9.64) | 0.007 |
Mean age in years ( ± SD) men | 60.85 ( ± 9.50) | 60.78 ( ± 10.17) | 64.96 ( ± 8.57) | <0.0001 |
Men/Women | 88/45 | 128/64 | 281/153 | 0.88 |
Mean years of education ( ± SD) | 16.02 ( ± 2.95) | 16.17 ( ± 2.83) | 16.02 ( ± 3.28) | 0.90 |
Mean years of education ( ± SD) women | 16.07 ( ± 3.16) | 15.78 ( ± 2.53) | 15.93 ( ± 3.54) | 0.90 |
Mean years of education ( ± SD) men | 16.00 ( ± 2.85) | 16.37 ( ± 2.96) | 16.07 ( ± 3.13) | 0.66 |
Mean time (months) between diagnosis and baseline measurements ( ± SD) | 8.19 ( ± 7.47) | 9.02 ( ± 7.90) | 8.37 ( ± 7.41) | 0.36 |
Mean time (months) between diagnosis and baseline measurements ( ± SD) women | 9.12 ( ± 8.56) | 8.78 ( ± 8.01) | 8.62 ( ± 8.02) | 0.94 |
Mean time (months) between diagnosis and baseline measurements ( ± SD) men | 7.72 ( ± 6.86) | 9.14 ( ± 7.87) | 8.23 ( ± 7.07) | 0.28 |
Mean putamen denervation (SBR): right ( ± SD) | 0.65 ( ± 0.21) | 1.20 ( ± 0.40) | 0.83 ( ± 0.31) | <0.0001 |
Mean putamen denervation (SBR): right ( ± SD) women | 0.68 ( ± 0.25) | 1.24 ( ± 0.46) | 0.85 ( ± 0.31) | <0.0001 |
Mean putamen denervation (SBR): right ( ± SD) men | 0.63 ( ± 0.19) | 1.18 ( ± 0.38) | 0.83 ( ± 0.31) | <0.0001 |
Mean putamen denervation (SBR): left ( ± SD) | 1.19 ( ± 0.39) | 0.65 ( ± 0.23) | 0.83 ( ± 0.31) | <0.0001 |
Mean putamen denervation (SBR): left ( ± SD) women | 1.27 ( ± 0.42) | 0.67 ( ± 0.26) | 0.87 ( ± 0.32) | <0.0001 |
Mean putamen denervation (SBR): left ( ± SD) men | 1.16 ( ± 0.37) | 0.64 ( ± 0.21) | 0.81 ( ± 0.31) | <0.0001 |
Handedness | ||||
Right n (%) | 114 (85.71%) | 173 (90.10%) | 383 (88.24%) | 0.56 |
Left n (%) | 16 (12.03%) | 13 (6.77%) | 41 (9.44%) | |
Ambidextrous n (%) | 3 (2.25%) | 6 (3.12%) | 10 (2.30%) | |
Handedness women | ||||
Right n (%) | 43 (95.55%) | 60 (93.75) | 140 (91.50%) | 0.73 |
Left n (%) | 2 (4.44%) | 3 (4.68%) | 12 (7.84%) | |
Ambidextrous n (%) | 0 | 1 (1.56%) | 1 (0.65%) | |
Handedness men | ||||
Right n (%) | 71 (80.68%) | 113 (88.28%) | 243 (86.47%) | 0.43 |
Left n (%) | 14 (15.90%) | 10 (7.81%) | 29 (10.32%) | |
Ambidextrous n (%) | 3 (3.40%) | 5 (3.90%) | 9 (3.20%) | |
MDS-UPDRS 3 total score (Mean ± SD) | 34.80 ( ± 14.09) | 31.87 ( ± 14.33) | 35.68 ( ± 14.96) | 0.004 |
MDS-UPDRS 3 total score (Mean ± SD) women | 35.38 ( ± 14.11) | 32.75 ( ± 16.16) | 36.44 ( ± 15.14) | 0.10 |
MDS-UPDRS 3 total score (Mean ± SD) men | 34.51 ( ± 14.14) | 31.44 ( ± 13.37) | 35.27 ( ± 14.87) | 0.046 |
Right-lateralised item in the MDS-UPDRS 3 | 6.86 ( ± 5.78) | 10.34 ( ± 5.01) | 7.54 ( ± 4.96) | <0.001 |
Left-lateralised item in the MDS-UPDRS 3 | 9.71 ( ± 5.65) | 5.60 ( ± 5.42) | 7.63 ( ± 5.78) | <0.001 |
Hoehn and Yahr | ||||
• stage I n (%) | 46 (34.58%) | 91 (47.39%) | 130 (29.95%) | 0.001 |
• stage 2 n (%) | 87 (65.41%) | 100 (52.08%) | 302 (69.58%) | |
• stage 3 n (%) | 0 | 1 (0.52%) | 2 (0.46%) | |
Hoehn and Yahr women | ||||
• stage I n (%) | 18 (40%) | 26 (40.62%) | 45 (29.41%) | 0.15 |
• stage 2 n (%) | 27 (60%) | 37 (57.81%) | 108 (70.58%) | |
• stage 3 n (%) | 0 | 1 (1.56%) | 0 | |
Hoehn and Yahr men | ||||
• stage I n (%) | 28 (31.81%) | 65 (50.78%) | 85 (30.24%) | 0.001 |
• stage 2 n (%) | 60 (68.18%) | 63 (49.21%) | 194 (69.03%) | |
• stage 3 n (%) | 0 | 0 | 2 (0.71%) | |
