Fig. 1: Geotectonic setting of the study area.

a Topographic map of China and neighboring areas. b Seismotectonic setting of the northern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and position of the study area. c Simplified geological map of the study area. Codes of the lithology units are the same as in Table 1. Seismic data from the National Earthquake Data Center (https://data.earthquake.cn/), Geologic data from Zuo et al.56.