Fig. 4: Visualization of autoencoder 2D latent space embedding from Recurrence plots of ECG signal across 15 channels.
From: Non-linear dynamics in ECG: a novel approach for robust classification of cardiovascular disorders

As seen from this figure, the latent space of the autoencoder showed a clear and distinctive frequency pattern among different CVDs and HC, thereby enhancing interpretability and offering valuable insights into disease-specific characteristics.