Table 2 Physical properties of typical electronic materials.
From: Conforming strategies for bioelectronics on arbitrary surfaces
Material | Young’s modulus | Stretchability | Conductivity | Stability |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Cu298 | 110 GPa | Ductile | 6 × 105 S/cm | Fair |
Au298 | 80 GPa | Ductile | 4 × 105 S/cm | Good |
PI135 | 1.5–3 GPa | 10–70% | Insulative | Good |
PDMS139 | 0.3–1 MPa | 100–1000% | Insulative | Good |
15–18 GPa | ~14% | Insulative | Related to forms | |
Plasticized silk150 | 0.1–2 MPa | >400% | Insulative | Humidity sensitive |
1–2.7 GPa | ~5% | 1–4000 S/cm | Fair | |
PEDOT:PSS-elastomer composite164 | 5–150 MPa | 20–200% | 72–545 S/cm | - |
PEDOT:PSS-hydrogel composite301 | ~1 MPa | >400% | ~11 S/cm | Good |
Ag nanowire network175 | - | - | 1–100 Ω/sq | Oxidation sensitive |
Au-Ag nanowire composite23 | 5–125 MPa | 266–840% | 4–7 × 104 S/cm | Good |
Ag flakes-surfactant-elastomer composite202 | - | ~200% | 738 S/cm | - |
Ag flakes-surfactant-AgNPs-elastomer composite302 | - | ~400% | ~4 × 104 S/cm | - |
0.3–1.5 TPa | Up to 12% | 0.17–2 × 105 S/cm | Good | |
1 TPa | ~25% | 1 × 106 S/cm | Good | |
Graphene-silk fibroin-CaCl2 hybrid206 | 4–135 MPa | 200–600% | 0.3–2.1 × 10−3 S/cm | - |
Hydrogel132 | 101–106 Pa | Up to ~103% | Variable | Dehydration sensitive |
EGaIn216 | Liquid form | 3.4 × 104 S/cm | Self-limited oxidation in air | |
