Fig. 1: From von Neumann to in-memory computing.
From: Achieving high precision in analog in-memory computing systems

a Prototypical von Neumann architecture, where memory and processing units are physically separated and interconnected by a data bus. b IMC core, where computation happens directly within the embedded nonvolatile memory array. c IMC processor, composed of several IMC cores interconnected by a dedicated Network-On-Chip. d Open-loop IMC-based MVM circuit. e Closed-loop IMC-based IMVM circuit.