Fig. 4: Temporal and spatial reductions in net PM2.5 during congestion pricing hours across NYC. | npj Clean Air

Fig. 4: Temporal and spatial reductions in net PM2.5 during congestion pricing hours across NYC.

From: A first look into congestion pricing in the United States: PM2.5 impacts after six months of New York City cordon pricing

Fig. 4

A, B Boxplots and histograms of monthly net PM2.5 inside vs. outside the CRZ for 2024 and 2025, showing percent changes relative to the baseline. C Locations of hourly PM2.5 monitoring stations in NYC. D–G Spatiotemporal distributions at key monitoring stations, highlighting variability across locations and months. Specifically, D Bowery (within CRZ), E Cross Bronx (outside CRZ), F Manhattan Bridge (within CRZ), and G Van Wyck (outside CRZ).

Back to article page