Fig. 9: Transition in the initial wrinkling morphology with nutrient concentration. | npj Soft Matter

Fig. 9: Transition in the initial wrinkling morphology with nutrient concentration.

From: The interplay of adhesion, friction, and nutrient availability in modulating biofilm wrinkling behavior

Fig. 9

a, b Experimental results for E. coli biofilms for nutrients concentration 1X SFLB and 2X SFLB, respectively. c, d Simulation results for \({C}_{0}=0.8\,\mathrm{pg}\,{\rm{\mu }}{{\rm{m}}}^{-2}\) and \({C}_{0}=1\,\mathrm{pg}\,{\rm{\mu }}{{\rm{m}}}^{-2}\), respectively (\({\rm{\gamma }}=9.2\,{\rm{\mu }}{\rm{J}}\,{{\rm{m}}}^{-2}\); \({D}_{{\rm{b}}}^{\mathrm{on}}=36\,{\rm{n}}{{\rm{m}}}^{2}\,{{\rm{h}}}^{-1}\)). c, d \(1{\rm{X}}\).

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