Fig. 1: Locations of doubly shadowed craters investigated in this study.

a Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Wide Angle Camera mosaic of the south polar region of the Moon. The mosaic is overlaid on the 10 m/pixel Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the South Pole from Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter⁵⁶. b Dual Frequency Synthetic Aperture Radar coverage of doubly shadowed craters within Faustini, Shoemaker and Haworth crater. The radar datasets are overlaid on LOLA DEM-based hillshade image of the South Polar Region. In a, b, the locations of doubly shadowed craters are shown by red star symbols. Tooley crater within Shoemaker is marked by an arrow in a, b. Additionally, in a the craters located within Faustini are shown as F1, F2, F3, and F4; Shoemaker as S1, S2, and S3; Haworth as H1, H2, and H3. The list of Dual Frequency Synthetic Aperture Radar datasets used in this study is provided in Supplementary Table 1.