Fig. 1: Auxetic bowtie unit cell assembled into column geometry.
From: Mechanics of reinforced concrete column confinement with architected auxetic steel lattices
A 4 × 4 tessellation of the re-entrant unit cell stacked to N = 18 layers forms prismatic specimens with an aspect ratio of 3.7, comparable to classical confinement tests. Functional grading at the supports increases strut thickness and local stiffness, strengthening boundary regions and promoting failure localization within the column core for direct comparison with conventional confinement schemes.
