Fig. 18: Heatmap of the FD channel matrix H, \({\rm{M}}=5, {\rm{N}=5}, {\nu}_{p} = 30\) kHz, and the Veh-A channel (Table 3).
From: Low-complexity equalization of Zak-OTFS in the frequency domain

The heatmap shows modulo banded structure of the FD channel matrix.