Table 1 A comparative analysis of scalar, multiplexed, and vectorial OWC paradigms

From: Vectorial optical wireless communications: bridging optical physics and engineering for 6G and beyond

Feature

Scalar OWC

Multiplexed OWC

Vectorial OWC (VOWC)

 

(e.g., IM)

(e.g., PM)

(e.g., VM)

Modulation

Single DoF

Orthogonal DoFs

Entanglement or topology

Information carrier

Intensity

Uniform polarization

Physical invariant

Primary challenge

Fading

Crosstalk

Complexity

Advanteges

Simplicity

Capacity Gain (“1 + 1 = 2″)

Reliability gain (“1 + 1 > 2″)

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