Figure 2 | Scientific Reports

Figure 2

From: Complex social contagion makes networks more vulnerable to disease outbreaks

Figure 2

Estimated and simulated epidemiological measures if an infectious disease spreads through susceptible communities that are generated by the social transmission of negative vaccination sentiment.

Parameter ranges for all simulations are shown. All points are averages based on 100 unique susceptible networks generated by stochastic simulations of social contagion. (A) Frequency at which infectious disease outbreaks occur in a population. An outbreak is defined as a minimum final epidemic size of 25 (i.e. 0.5% of the total population size N = 5000). For each unique network we ran 10,000 infectious disease simulations. (B) Number of distinct susceptible communities that are generated by the social transmission of negative vaccination sentiment. rge = 10−5, Ω = 10−4 ↔ 10−2, fυ− = 0.10. (C) Quasi-deterministic final epidemic size. Shaded region denotes 95% Confidence Intervals. β = 1, γ = 0, rge = 10−5, Ω = 10−4 ↔ 10−2, fυ− = 0.10. (D) Simulated final epidemic size. Shaded region denotes 95% confidence intervals. β = 10−1, γ = 10−1, rge = 10−5, Ω = 10−4 ↔ 10−2, fυ− = 0.10. For each unique network we ran 10,000 infectious disease simulations (E) Mean effective basic reproductive number , weighted by cluster size, of an infectious biological agent in the susceptible network that is generated by the social transmission of negative vaccination sentiment. β = 10−1, γ = 10−1, rge = 10−5, Ω = 10−4 ↔ 10−2, fυ− = 0.10.

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