Figure 6

Numerical simulation results of ion concentrations of precursor solutions during each synthesis process:
Overview image of ion concentrations in the microchannel during (a) step 1, (c) step 2(I) and (e) step 2(II) and ion concentration-position curve on the microheater during (b) step 1, (d) step 2(I) and (f) step 2(II); The precursor solutions hardly transferred to the neighboring flow stream due to laminar flow. The concentrations of all ions (Zn2+, Cu2+, OH−, Ti+ and F−) was drastically dropped at the neighboring microheaters and these numerical simulation results agree with experimental results.