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Figure 1

From: Intrinsic dynamics induce global symmetry in network controllability

Figure 1

Integration of network topology and intrinsic individual dynamics.

1st-order (a), 2nd-order (b) and 3rd-order (c) individual dynamics. For a dth-order individual dynamics , we denote each order by a colored square and the couplings among orders are characterized by links or self-loops. This graphical representation allows individual dynamics to be integrated with their coupling network topology, giving rise to a unified matrix that reflects the dynamics of the whole system. In particular, each dynamic unit in the unified matrix corresponds to a diagonal block and the nonzero elements (denoted by *) apart from the blocks stand for the couplings among different dynamic units. Therefore, the original network consisting of N nodes with order d is represented in a dN × dN matrix.

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