Figure 2: Principal characteristics of ESU and ESUC.

(A) Optical photographs of UCU, ESU and ESUC; (B) Principal parameters of ESU and ESUC (mean, n = 3); (C) Transmission electron photomicrographs of ESU-D (bar: 200 nm) and ESUC-D (bar: 500 nm); (D) Graphs depicting size distribution and zeta potential of ESU-D and ESUC-D. The maximum activity of free UCU-A was taken as 100%.