Figure 1: Differential effects of TLR4 (LPS) and TLR2 (LTA) ligands on phagocytosis of chronic morphine treated macrophages.

(A) Fluorometric analysis of phagocytosis of HKOE. coli (30 min), HKOS. aureus (30 min) and OPDex bead (60 min) by J774 following chronic morphine treatment (1 μM overnight). Phagocytosis of opsonized HKO E. coli (B,C) HKOE. coli and (D,E) OPDex bead (F,G) HKOS. aureus by morphine/vehicle treated J774 macrophages following LTA (10 μg/ml) (B,D,F) or LPS (50 ng/ml) (C,E,G) treatment for 2,4 and 6 hours. Phagocytic index expressed as ratio of relative fluorescence units (FITC/DAPI) expressed as % from vehicle control. Bars illustrate mean of three independent experiments ± SE (student’s t-test ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05-significance to respective vehicle control).