Figure 5: Caveolae-associated proteins were incorporated in TFV virions.

Purified TFV through sedimentation in sucrose density gradients from supernatant of TFV infected HepG2 cell lines. Whole-cell lysates from the TFV-infected HepG2 (+ indicate positive control) and TFV virions underwent immunoblotting. (A) The blots presented in panel A were detected by viral structural proteins (MCP, ORF020R) and host proteins (CD63, CD98, alpha 1 Sodium Potassium ATPase, Glut-1). (B) The blots presented in panel B were detected by anti-caveolin-1, anti-caveolin-2, anti-PTRF/cavin-1, and anti-SDPR/cavin-2. (C) The blots presented in panel C were detected by anti-clathrin, anti-flotillin, anti-β-actin, and anti-filamin. (D) MβCD changed the incorporation of caveolar components. Whole-cell lysates from the TFV-infected HepG2 (+ indicate positive control) and TFV virions underwent immunoblotting. The blots presented were detected by anti-caveolin-1, anti-caveolin-2, anti-PTRF/cavin-1. (E) Purified TFV virions were labeled by anti-caveolin-1, anti-caveolin-2 and anti-PTRF/cavin-1 after which goat anti-rabbit IgG conjugated with 10 nm colloid gold was used for labeling the primary antibody. The NC used Negative rabbit serum as the primary antibody.