Figure 5
Biocompatibility of the calcium oxide armed titanium: after culturing the bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) for 1h or 24 h on Ti (A-1 or 2) and Ca-Ti (B-1 or 2), the cells were counter-stained with FITC-Phalloidin (green, showing the F-actin) and DAPI (blue, indicating the nuclei); after culturing the BMSCs for 7 or 14 days, the gene expression of osteocalcin (OCN, C), osteopontin (OPN, D), alkaline phosphates (ALP, E) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2, F) were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR, *p < 0.05).
