Table 1 Summary of the 17 DTI studies (18 datasets) with TBSS included in the meta-analysis.
Study | Subjects, n (females, n) | Age, years | Age at onset years,mean | Illness duration, years | Severity (scale type) | Diagnosis | Statistical threshold | Drug status | Diffusion directions | Quality scores (out of 12) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients | Controls | Patients | Controls | |||||||||
Zuo et al. 2012 [20] | 16 (13) | 19 (12) | 37.0 ± 9.4 | 36.6 ± 7.7 | NA | NA | 30.3 ± 6.2 (HAMD) | MDD | P < 0.005 (Uncorrected) | Medication free for >2 weeks | 25 | 11 |
Lai et al. 2014 [21] | 44 (23) | 27 (15) | 36.9 ± 5.3 | 38.3 ± 11.8 | NA | 0.4 ± 0.1 | 22.1 ± 2.3 (HAMD) | First-episode MDD | P < 0.05 (FWE) | drug naive | 30 | 11 |
Zhu et al. 2011 [22] | 25 (15) | 25 (15) | 20.6 ± 1.9 | 20.3 ± 1.7 | 20.2 ± 2.3 | 0.9 ± 0.7 | 35.5 ± 6.7 (CES-D) | First-episode MDD | P < 0.05 (corrected for multiple comparisons) | drug naive | 13 | 10.5 |
Versace et al. 2010 [23] | 16 (12) | 24 (15) | 32.9 ± 10.0 | 27.7 ± 8.6 | 18.9 ± 7.2 | 14.7 ± 10.0 | 25.1 ± 5.5 (HAMD) | Recurrent unipolar depression | P < 0.05 (ASC) | Medication free for >2 months | NA | 11.5 |
Choi et al. 2014 [24] | 134 (70) | 54 (26) | 38.5 ± 11.1 | 34.4 ± 10.1 | NA | 9.3 ± 10.4 | 19.3 ± 3.5 (HAMD) | MDD | P < 0.05 (FWE) | 98 drug naive,36 medication free | 60 | 12 |
Murphy et al. 2012 [31] | 45 (29) | 45 (28) | 42.2 ± 10.8 | 36.5 ± 13.4 | NA | 14.6 ± 11.5 | 28.9 ± 6.4 (HAMD) | MDD | P < 0.05 (FWE) | 15 medication free,15 on SSRIs,15 on DASs | 61 | 12 |
Guo et al. 2012 [32] | 23 (12) | 19 (9) | 27.4 ± 7.7 | 24.4 ± 4.2 | NA | 2.3 ± 3.0 | 24.5 ± 4.2 (HAMD) | Treatment-resistant depression | P < 0.01 (corrected for multiple comparisons) | Antidepressants | 13 | 10.5 |
Han et al. 2014 [33] | 20 (15) | 22 (15) | 42.7 ± 12.4 | 43.7 ± 12.3 | NA | 0.37 ± 0.1 | 19.1 ± 6.7 (HAMD) | First-episode MDD | P < 0.01 (uncorrected) | drug naive | 20 | 11.5 |
Hayashi et al. 2014 [34] | 30 (13) | 30 (13) | 44.0 ± 12.0 | 44.0 ± 13.0 | NA | NA | ≥14.0 (HAMD) | First-episode MDD | P < 0.05 (FWE) | drug naive | 25 | 10 |
Kieseppa et al. 2010 [35] | 16 (14) | 20 (10) | 48.4 ± 10.3 | 42.0 ± 11.6 | NA | 14.1 ± NA | 26.3 ± 7.1 (BDI) | MDD | P < 0.05 (corrected for multiple comparisons) | 13 on antidepressants,1 on risperidone,4 on benzodiazepines or zopiclone | 12 | 10 |
Lyden et al. 2014 [36] | 20 (12) | 28 (15) | 41.2 ± 10.3 | 39.4 ± 12.1 | 19.9 ± 11.2 | 21.6 ± 12.5 | 27.4 ± 4.5 (HAMD) | Recurrent MDD | P < 0.05 (corrected for multiple comparisons) | Medication free for >2 days | 61 | 11.5 |
Olvet et al. nMDD 2014 [37] | 39 (24) | 46 (21) | 37.1 ± 11.4 | 30.3 ± 9.3 | NA | NA | 18.7 ± 4.7 (HAMD) | MDD | P < 0.05 (FWE) | Medication free for >2 weeks | 25 | 11.5 |
Olvet et al. sMDD 2014 [37] | 13 (7) | 39 (21) | 33.4 ± 13.3 | 30.3 ± 9.3 | NA | NA | 19.9 ± 4.8 (HAMD) | MDD | P < 0.05 (FWE) | Medication free for >2 weeks | 25 | 11.5 |
Seok et al. 2013 [38] | 86 (68) | 62 (41) | 44.7 ± 12.2 | 42.1 ± 14.5 | NA | 3.6 ± 3.8 | 14.6 ± 8.1 (HAMD) | MDD | P < 0.01 (FWE) | 45 on antidepressants,41 drug naive | 20 | 11 |
Guo et al. 2012 [39] | 22 (10) | 19 (9) | 28.1 ± 9.9 | 24.4 ± 4.2 | NA | 0.2 ± 0.1 | 25.9 ± 6.3 (HAMD) | First-episode MDD | P < 0.01 (corrected for multiple comparisons) | drug naive | 13 | 10.5 |
Korgaonkar et al. 2011 [40] | 29 (17) | 39 (21) | 40.5 ± 15.8 | 29.6 ± 12.7 | NA | NA | 19.1 ± 3.0 (HAMD) | MDD | P < 0.05 (FWE) | Medication free or drug naive | 42 | 10.5 |
Wang et al. 2014 [41] | 41 (20) | 41 (20) | 32.4 ± 6.5 | 32.6 ± 5.3 | NA | NA | 23.8 ± 6.1 (HAMD) | First-episode MDD | P < 0.001 (Uncorrected) | drug naive | 12 | 11 |
Xiao et al. 2015 [42] | 22 (12) | 22 (12) | 20.1 ± 1.6 | 20.8 ± 1.4 | NA | NA | 55.7 ± 5.8 (CES-D) | First-episode MDD | P < 0.001 (corrected for multiple comparisons) | drug naive | 13 | 11 |
