Figure 1: IL-10 deficiency results in decreased tumor growth and focus formation.

(A,B) B16/F10 or E.G7-OVA tumor cells were inoculated s.c. into the left flanks of WT or IL-10−/− C57BL/6 mice. Tumor volumes were monitored and recorded on days +3, +6,+9, +12, +15 and +18 (n = 10–15 mice per experiment, three mice per group at each time point).The mean ± SEM is shown, ***P < 0.001, *P < 0.05, one-way ANOVA. (C,D) Examples of tumors excised from IL-10−/− and WT mice on day +18; B16/F10 (left) or E.G7-OVA cells (right). (E) Melanoma tumor lung foci in WT and IL10−/− mice. B16/F10 cells (3 × 105/100 μl) were injected IV into WT and IL-10−/− mice and counted (d+15). (F) Bar graph showing representative melanoma tumor lung foci (n = 5–8 mice for IL-10−/− and WT B16/F10 tumor-bearing mice). Error bar(s) represent the mean ± SEM (***P < 0.001), Student’s t-test. (G) Immunofluorescent staining of IL-10 on B16/F10 biopsies obtained on d+15 from IL-10−/− and WT tumor-bearing mice. Left, stained with PBS as aa negative control; Middle and Right, stained with anti-IL-10 Mab. Images were obtained using a fluorescence microscope with a 20X objective. Error bar(s) represent the mean ± SEM, n = 3–4 mice. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, Student’s t-test or ANOVA.