Figure 1
From: Genome engineering Escherichia coli for L-DOPA overproduction from glucose
Schematic representation of metabolic pathways involved in L-DOPA biosynthesis and regulation in E. coli.
The strategies for constructing a genetically defined strain for L-DOPA overproduction are also shown. The ×’s indicate that the genes are deleted. Encircled − or + symbols indicate inhibition or activation, respectively. The genes targeted by MAGE are underlined. PTS: phosphotransferase system; TCA: tricarboxylic acid cycle; G6P: glucose 6-phosphate; 6PBL: 6-phospho D-glucono-1,5-lactone; Ribu5P: D-ribulose 5-phosphate; X5P: D-xylulose 5-phosphate; R5P: D-ribose 5-phosphate; S7P: D-sedoheptulose 7-phosphate; F6P: fructose 6-phosphate; GAP: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; E4P: D-erythrose 4-phosphate; PEP: phosphoenolpyruvate; Pyr: pyruvate; Ac-CoA: acetyl-CoA; OAA: oxaloacetate; CIT: citrate; DAHP: 3-Deoxy-arabino-heptulonate 7-phosphate; DHQ: 3-Dehydroquinate; DHSH:3-Dehydroshikimate; SHK: shikimate; S3P: shikimate 3-phosphate; EPSP: 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate 3-phosphate; CHA: Chorismate; PRE: prephenate; HPPH: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate. galP: galactose permease gene; glk: glucokinase gene; zwf: glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene; tktA: transketolase I gene; pckA: PEP carboxykinase gene; ppc: PEP carboxylase gene; ppsA: PEP synthase gene; pykFA: pyruvate kinase I/II gene; aroF, aroG and aroH: DAHP synthase gene; aroB: DHQ synthase gene; aroD: DHQ dehydratase; aroE/ydiB: shikimate/quinate dehydrogenase gene; aroA: 3-phosphoshikimate-1-carboxyvinyltransferase gene; aroC: CHA synthase; tyrA: CHA mutase/prephenate dehydrogenase gene; tyrB: tyrosine aminotransferase gene; trpED: anthranilate synthetase gene; pheA: prephenate dehydratase gene; hpaBC: E. coli W p-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-hydroxylase gene. nadK: NAD kinase gene; rpoD: sigma 70 factor gene; rpoA: a subunit of RNA polymerase gene; csrA: carbon storage regulator A; tyrR: tyrosine repressor.
