Figure 4

The mass curves of the formation process of OM-SBs with (A) lower OMV coverage (3.2%) and (B) higher OMV coverage (13.4%). (A) At lower OMV coverage, the rupturing process presents two-regime kinetics, the mass first dramatically decreases (PEG-dominating regime) and then transitions to a slower rate of decay (OMV-dominating regime). (B) At higher OMV coverage, only one-regime kinetic (OMV-dominating regime) is observed: the initial quick drop is no longer distinguishable. (C) A proposed scheme of OM-SB formation mechanism. OMVs first adsorbed on the substrate and remained in vesicle form. PEG-liposomes were then added to the system, which rapidly adhered to the surface and formed PEG-SLB in between OMVs. The newly formed PEG-SLB induces OMV rupturing and spread on the surface, which results in the formation of OM-SB. Note that the components of the OMV are not drawn to scale, but simplified to illustrate the mechanism of OM-SB formation.