Figure 7: The relative expression of calcium pathway genes was enhanced by trichothecene mycotoxin treatment.

The expression of the genes encoding calmodulin (CaM), calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK), calcineurin B-like protein (CaBL), and calmodulin-like protein (CaML) was measured in the untreated (control) group and groups treated with FA, F. oxysporum, F. oxysporum pretreated with FA, filtered and resuspended macroconidia, filtered liquor or DON solution. Gene expression was profiled by quantitative real-time RT-PCR using the comparative Ct method. Each treatment was performed in triplicate. The error bars represent the standard error of the mean. Different letters indicate significant differences between groups according to a one-way ANOVA followed by a post-hoc LSD test (P < 0.05). The statistical analyses were only conducted for a given target gene and that statistical differences between target genes were not considered.