Figure 3
Orexin treatment led to shortening of the period of the hippocampal oscillator.
(A) Effects of orexin A and DMSO treatments on hippocampal oscillation. (B) Orexin A treatment induced shortening of the period of the hippocampal oscillator as compared with the no-treatment control, the DMSO control, and the Forskolin (10 μM) treatment (n = 4–9); Bar graph (mean ± s.e.m.) of period; length of periods was analyzed by two-factor ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s HSD *P < 0.05. (C) Effects of orexin B and DMSO treatments on hippocampal oscillation. (D) Orexin B treatment induced shortening of the period of the hippocampal oscillator as compared with the DMSO control and the Forskolin (10 μM) treatment (n = 4–18); Bar graph (mean ± s.e.m.) of period; length of periods was analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s HSD *P < 0.05. (E,F,H,G) EMPA blocks the orexin A-induced shortening of the period of the hippocampal oscillator. The period showed no difference before EPMA and orexin A treatment. (E) EMPA blocks the orexin A-induced shortening of the period of the hippocampal oscillator. (F,G) Expression analysis of the orexin receptors shows that Hcrtr2 is the major receptor in the hippocampus.
