Table 1 Characteristics of the study population.
Variable | Type 2 diabetes Patients | Healthy Subjects | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
N = 48 | N = 12 | ||
Age (years) | 57.5 ± 5.4 | 57.7 ± 6.7 | 0.940 |
Time since diagnosis of diabetes (years) | 4.0 ± 2.5 | — | |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29.2 ± 3.5 | 26.8 ± 2.1 | 0.005* |
Waist circumference (cm) | 106.4 ± 9.8 | 98.8 ± 8.9 | 0.021* |
Subcutaneous fat volume (mL) | 706.6 ± 248.4 | 558.6 ± 209.7 | 0.063 |
Visceral fat volume (mL) | 444.65 ± 206.6 | 324.5 ± 125.2 | 0.060 |
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 128.1 ± 12.2 | 112.6 ± 9.3 | <0.001* |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75.9 ± 6.1 | 76.2 ± 9.0 | 0.931 |
Heart rate (bpm) | 65.7 ± 8.5 | 61.1 ± 9.8 | 0.082 |
Concomitant medication N (%) | |||
Statin | 25 (52.1) | — | |
Any antihypertensive medication | 21 (43.8) | — | |
β-Blocker | 6 (12.5) | — | |
Diuretic | 11 (22.9) | — | |
ACE inhibitor | 10 (20.8) | — | |
ARB | 5 (10.4) | — | |
Calcium antagonist | 3 (6.3) | — | |
HbA1c (%) | 7.2 ± 1.0 | — | |
Plasma fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 9.0 ± 2.1 | 5.3 ± 0.4 | <0.001* |
Plasma fasting insulin (pmol/L) | 66.8 ± 35.4 | 42.6 ± 22.2 | 0.009* |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.6 ± 0.9 | 5.1 ± 0.5 | 0.114 |
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 3.3 ± 0.5 | 0.022* |
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.1 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 0.057 |
Plasma triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 0.017* |
Plasma NEFA (mmol/L) | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.5 ± 0.2 | 0.990 |
us-CRP (mg/L) | 5.3 ± 4.2 | 6.3 ± 3.7 | 0.261 |
NT-proBNP (ng/L) | 38.4 ± 29.8 | 36.6 ± 24.2 | 0.952 |
