Table 4 Comparison of DDTs and HCHs (ng/g fat) in HM from various countries.

From: Longitudinal study of pesticide residue levels in human milk from Western Australia during 12 months of lactation: Exposure assessment for infants

Country/region

Year of sampling

Mothers (N)

HM samples

Fat content (g/L)

DDTs

HCHs

References

Iran

2006

23

23

22

2685a

3005A

53

Indonesia

2003

15

15

na

1100b

11A

63

Taiwan

2000/01

36

36

31

333c

3B

24

India

2011

53

53

32

1914b

199B

48

Vietnam

2000/01

42

42

23

2100d

58C

36

Malaysia

2003

17

17

17

1600d

230C

52

Philippine

2004

33

33

22

170b

6A

23

Slovakia

2003

12

12

27

665d

20C

34

Norway

2002/06

377

377

36

53e

5.4C

30

USA

2004

38

38

22

65a

19D

38

South Africa

2001

28

28

na

6320c

12A

40

Ethiopia

2010

33

33

na

17170b

na

41

New Zealand

2007/2010

39

37

39

385 f

9A

64

Australia/WA

2013/15

16

99

39

52e

48C

Present study

  1. na: data not available.
  2. *Values represented as median value.
  3. aSum of p,p’-DDE + o,p’-DDE + p,p’-DDD + p,p’-DDT.
  4. bSum of p,p’-DDE + p,p’-DDD + p,p’-DDT.
  5. cSum of p,p’-DDE + p,p’-DDD + p,p’-DDT + o,p’-DDT.
  6. dSum of p,p’-DDE + p,p’-DDT.
  7. ep,p’-DDE only.
  8. fSum of p,p’-DDE + o,p’-DDE + p,p’-DDD + o,p’-DDD + p,p’-DDT + o,p’-DDT.
  9. ASum of α-HCH + β-HCH + γ-HCH.
  10. BSum of β-HCH + γ-HCH.
  11. Cβ-HCH only.
  12. DSum of α-HCH + β-HCH + γ-HCH + δ-HCH.