Figure 4: Gavaged UFP increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipid metabolites. | Scientific Reports

Figure 4: Gavaged UFP increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipid metabolites.

From: Ambient Ultrafine Particle Ingestion Alters Gut Microbiota in Association with Increased Atherogenic Lipid Metabolites

Figure 4

Plasma levels of cytokine were measured by Luminex assay and the levels of lipid metabolites by LC-ESI-MS-MS. (A) Plasma TNF-α (n = 7). (B) Plasma MCP-1 (n = 7). (C) Intestinal LPC18:1 (n = 11–12). (D) Intestinal LPC18:0 (n = 11–12). (E) Plasma LPC18:1 (n = 11). (F) Plasma LPC18:0 (n = 11). Gavaged UFP significantly increased plasma TNF-α and LPC18:1 levels in both intestinal and plasma, and a trend of increase in MCP-1 (p = 0.0756, n = 7), whereas LPC 18:0 level was unchanged (n = 11–12).

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