Table 2 Whole brain activation during pain anticipation and experience

Brain region	Vol	x	y	z	F-statistics
Anticipation
Task effects
Ring anterior insula	4352	38	23	8	7.1
Left anterior insula	2688	−32	24	10	6.3
Left dorsolateral PFC	960	−21	17	53	5.9
Left precentral gyrus (BA 6)	1536	−43	−10	29	5.8
Right ventromedial PFC (BA 10)	1088	1	55	15	6
Right posterior parietal (BA 40)	2560	53	−48	31	7.4
Right middle temporal gyrus	1856	41	−67	20	5.7
Left middle temporal gyrus	832	−42	−70	13	4.7
Right inferior occipital gyrus	1472	38	−69	−3	5.1
Right parahippocampal gyrus	1088	17	−14	−24	6.8
Right midbrain	832	11	−21	−11	8.1
Left midbrain (PAG)^a	1280	−2	−30	−16	7
Group effects (MTBI > HC)
Right dlPFC	768	31	22	27	5.4^b
Left cuneus	1856	−8	−75	29	5.9^b
Left midbrain (PAG)^a	960	−1	−35	−6	5.8^b
Pain experience
Task effects
Right insula	12160	38	6	10	12.2
Left insula	4608	−41	4	7	12.3
Right dpINS	1024	35	−18	16	10.6
Right rostral ACC	2624	4	35	20	11.6
Right dorsal ACC	1152	5	9	43	9.7
Right postcentral gyrus	960	44	−27	51	10.1
Left lentiform nucleus	896	−16	10	4	11
Left cerebellum	5824	−26	−53	−31	11.2
Group effects (MTBI > HC)
Right dlPFC	1152	30	10	39	6.8
Left middle temporal gyrus	1088	−27	−60	23	6.3
Left precuneus	960	−7	−74	36	5.1

Abbreviations: ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; dlPFC, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; dpINS, dorsoposterior insula; HC, healthy controls; MTBI, mild traumatic brain injury; PAG, periaqueductal grey; PFC, prefrontal cortex.
^a0.9 Probability www.neurosynth.org.
^bRemained significant after covarying out traumatic and depressive symptoms.

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