Table 4 Areas of activation associated with correct recognition effect (RC>New) in the 2-back memory load in TD and ASD children

Within-group recognition effects							Group differences
Time windows		Brain area	Pseudo z-values	MNI coordinates
TD children
225–275	L	Insula	0.47	−31	−22	12	TD>ASD
250–300	L	mPFC	0.57	−26	43	2
325–375	L	IPS	0.46	−41	−47	42	TD>ASD
375–425	L	dlPFC	0.59	−41	18	27
425–475	R	MCC	0.46	4	−12	47	TD>ASD
450–500	R	MCC	0.43	4	−2	42	TD>ASD
ASD children
200–250	L	mPFC	0.49	−11	48	22
250–300	L	Angular	0.46	−41	−62	32	ASD>TD
275–325	L	Angular	0.52	−41	−52	32	ASD>TD
	L	dlPFC	0.44	−46	43	7
325–375	L	Precuneus	0.41	−6	−67	37	ASD>TD
350–400	L	Precuneus	0.5	−6	−67	42	ASD>TD
475–525	R	MCC	0.42	4	13	47
	R	MCC	0.42	−1	−2	57

Abbreviations: ASD, autism spectrum disorder; dlPFC, dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex; IPS, intra-parietal sulcus; MCC, middle cingulated cortex; MNI, Montreal Neurological Institute; mPFC, medial prefrontal cortex; RC, repeat–correct’ trial; TD, typically developing.
Note: statistical significance was set for the significant voxels of activation at P<0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons in the whole source–space volume for within-group comparisons (recognition effect in each group; RC vs New stimuli) and at P<0.005 uncorrected for between-group comparisons (recognition contrast (RC–New stimuli) by group, highlighted in bold).

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