Funding Statements

Any relevant funding should be declared in a separate funding statement. When declaring funding, our recommended best practice is that authors should note funders and grants on publications when the activities that contributed to that publication:

• are within scope of the grant and
• arise directly from a specific grant

The following questions can be used to determine if the activities arise from a specific grant:

• Are the results included in the publication original and the direct result of experimentation, materials or analysis supported by the grant?
• Does the grant financially support publication of the manuscript (e.g., through payment of article processing charges)?

If the answer is yes to any of these questions, best practice is to declare the funding source and grant number, if the grant requires it. By contrast, if the answer is no to these questions, it is not best practice to declare grant support. In particular, grants that support data generation for distinct studies that are related in topic but that are not relevant for this specific publication should not be declared. Please ensure that relevant funding sources are disclosed for all authors. Authors should also ensure they are aware of any specific declaration requirements from their funders.

An appropriate format for a funding statement is:

A.B.C. discloses support for the research of this work from Funder [grant number xxxx], Funder [grant number xxxx] and Funder [grant number xxxx]. D.E.F. discloses support for publication of this work from Funder [grant number xxxx],  Funder [grant number xxxx] and  Funder [grant number xxxx]. G.H.I. declares no relevant funding.