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In 22 patients with auto-brewery syndrome, we found enrichment of gut bacterial genes in metabolic pathways associated with ethanol production. Treatment with faecal microbiota transplantation in one patient led to improvement in symptoms that correlated with changes in gut microbiota composition and improved metabolic function.
A comprehensive assessment of how transformation of dietary nutrients by the gut microbiota influences host health is needed. Systematic integration of 5,554 global gut metagenomes and various biochemical databases reveals how dietary phytonutrients are biotransformed by the gut microbiota and their enzymes, and how these biotransformations relate to human health.
A zoonotic Streptococcus species achieves massive proliferation in the brain, leading to potentially lethal meningitis and severe brain injury. This robust growth depends on a species-specific promoter that induces constitutive transcription of a phosphotransferase system that facilitates carbohydrate uptake and prevents the bacterial stringent response in the low-glucose environment of the cerebrospinal fluid.
