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All-optical logic devices could overcome the speed limitations of conventional electronic devices. Here, authors demonstrate sub-ps all-optical switching exploiting the ultrafast transition from strong to weak light-matter coupling in microcavities with bilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides.

In semiconductors, accessing nonlinear interactions between excitons strongly coupled to light will be key for quantum technologies. Here, in atomic bilayers of MoS₂, new types of excitons are discovered showing strong inter-excitonic interactions.

Single photon emitters (SPEs) in 2D semiconductors can be deterministically positioned using localized strain induced by underlying nanostructures. Here, the authors show SPE coupling in WSe₂ to GaP dielectric nanoantennas, substantially increasing quantum efficiency and photoluminescence brightness.

Dielectric nano-antennas may be used as a platform for boosting light-matter coupling in 2D semiconductors. Here, the authors demonstrate the coupling of atomically thin WSe\({}_{2}\) with low-loss, high-refractive-index GaP nano-antennas and observe a 10000-fold WSe\({}_{2}\) photoluminescence enhancement.

One advantage of van der Waals materials is the ability to combine different materials in layers to form new heterostructures. Here, the authors investigate heterostructures of CrBr₃ and MoSe₂, and find that the ferromagnetism of CrBr₃ enhances the valley dependent optical response of the MoSe₂.

This Review reports the recent progress in utilizing van der Waals layered materials in various nanophotonics applications and provides an overview of their future developments in hybrid and tunable nanophotonics, 3D photonic structures, optical trapping, polariton devices and van der Waals integrated nanophotonic circuits.

The short exciton life time in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides poses limitations to efficient control of the valley pseudospin and coherence. Here, the authors manipulate the exciton coherence in a WSe₂ monolayer embedded in an optical microcavity in the strong light-matter coupling regime.

Polaritons are exciton–photon hybrid particles that are created when the interaction between light and matter is strong enough. Here, the authors create polaritons in molybdenum diselenide/boron nitride quantum wells by enhancing the light–matter coupling using a tunable optical cavity.

The unique valley and spin texture of atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) allows the observation of the valley Zeeman effect for neutral and charged excitons. Here, the authors unveil the underlying physics of the magneto-optical response and valley Zeeman splitting of trions in tungsten-based TMDs.

Optically detected nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy can be used to measure the composition and strain distribution of individual quantum dots.

Researchers show spin-susceptibility in monolayer MoSe₂ and demonstrate giant effective valley Zeeman splitting and nonlinearity for trion-polaritons.

Decoherence of the nuclear spin bath causes decoherence of electron spin qubits in the solid state. Here, Chekhovich et al.use spin-echo measurements to demonstrate the suppression of nuclear spin fluctuations in semiconductor quantum dots via strain-induced quadrupolar interactions.

The dot-to-dot variation of the optical transition frequency makes it impractical to use single-photon sources based on semiconducting quantum dots in quantum computing, which requires indistinguishable photons. This can now be overcome by using coherently scattered single photons from a dot and tuning them using a microcavity.

Researchers excite valley-addressable polaritons in MoSe₂ incorporated in a photonic microcavity. Understanding of the valley pseudospin retention is revealed and robust states demonstrated.

Phonon polariton quasi-bound states in the continuum realized in a dielectric metasurface patterned with a subwavelength lattice of elliptical holes in a commercially available free-standing, large-area 100-nm-thick silicon carbide membrane is demonstrated, attractive for applications in mid-infrared optics, such as molecular sensing and thermal radiation engineering.

Quantum dots are a promising host for spin-based qubits. Whereas nuclear-field fluctuations adversely affect electron-spin coherence, the smaller hyperfine interaction between holes and nuclei makes holes a promising alternative. A sensitive measurement of the hyperfine constant of the holes in different quantum-dot material systems now demonstrates how this interaction can be tuned and perhaps further reduced.

Monolayers of graphene, boron nitride and transition metal dichalcogenides are stacked in vertical heterostructures to realize light-emitting devices based on single and multiple quantum wells, with bright electroluminescence up to room temperature.

Here, the authors report the creation of trion-polaritons in monolayer MoSe₂ in an open microcavity exhibiting strong nonlinear interactions, one order of magnitude bigger than those observed for exciton polaritons in GaAs.

The interaction between electron and nuclear spins in quantum dots is often seen as detrimental for the use of electron spin for quantum information processing. It is now shown, however, that such interaction can be used to coherently control the polarization of tens of thousands of nuclear spins, opening the way to experiments using nuclear rather than electron spin.

Excitonic bands in MoSe₂/WS₂ heterostructures can hybridize, resulting in a resonant enhancement of moiré superlattice effects.

Using a frequency-comb nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy technique it is possible to probe the fluctuations in the nuclear spin bath of a self-assembled quantum dot and reveal long nuclear spin correlation times over one second.

Semiconducting quantum dots are considered candidate materials for realizing spin-based quantum computation devices. This Review examines the main results obtained over the past decade concerning the so-called central spin problem, namely the interaction between a single electronic spin or hole with the surrounding nuclear environment.