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Electron hopping in geometrically frustrated lattices can result in a rich variety of unusual behaviours. Now, the orbital arrangement in a van der Waals metal with a non-frustrated, primitive lattice is found to show similar effects.

Anisotropic hybridization between conduction and unpaired f electrons is rarely observed. Now, a lanthanide-based two-dimensional compound exhibits nodal hybridization, giving rise to heavy-fermion behaviour.

A new superlattice fabrication process on 2D material heterostructures enables the observation of replica Dirac cones in graphene as well as Hofstadter’s fractal magnetic spectrum under triangular and square superlattice symmetries.

Electrical transport measurements of magic-angle twisted trilayer graphene are presented.

The authors demonstrate a graphene/CrSBr heterostructure exhibiting anisotropic surface plasmon polariton (SPP) propagation in the mid-infrared and terahertz range. Charge transfer at the interface directs SPPs along the quasi-1D chains that compose each CrSBr layer, with propagation lengths varying by an order of magnitude between the two in-plane crystallographic axes.

We report superconductivity, in a limited region of displacement field and density, in 5.0° twisted bilayer WSe₂ with a maximum critical temperature of 426 mK, establishing that moiré flat-band superconductivity extends beyond graphene structures.

The authors use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to study the charge density wave (CDW) in the kagome material ScV₆Sn₆. The ARPES data shows minimal changes to the electronic structure in the CDW state, while STM quasiparticle interference measurements imply a strong reconstruction of the electronic structure in the CDW state.

By sliding one layer with respect to the other in a van der Waals heterostructure, Edelberg et al. create a honeycomb network of solitons. Vertices of the network trap electrons, allowing strain-tunable control of confined states.

Experimental evidence for charge coupling to ferroelectric soft mode is scarce. Here, the authors find a photogenerated coherent phonon coupling to the electronic transition above the bandgap in the van der Waals ferroelectric semiconductor NbOI2.

A ferromagnetic transition in CrSBr is attributed to ordering of magnetic defects, and can be electrostatically manipulated.

The first spatially resolved measurements of gap formation in a high-T_c superconductor are reported. Over a wide range of doping (0.16 to 0.22), it is found that pairing gaps nucleate in nanoscale regions above T_c. These regions proliferate as the temperature is lowered, resulting in a spatial distribution of gap sizes in the superconducting state.

The authors demonstrate the tunability of moiré potential and emergent moiré exciton Rydberg states in a monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide governed by an adjacent twisted bilayer graphene near the magic angle with gate-tunable local charge density.

We present comprehensive thermodynamic and spectroscopic evidence for an antiferromagnetically ordered heavy-fermion ground state in the van der Waals metal CeSiI.

Predicting properties at the interface of materials is crucial for advanced materials design. Here, the authors introduce a high-throughput computational framework, InterMatch, for predicting several properties of an interface by using the databases of individual bulk materials.

Machine learning methods in condensed matter physics are an emerging tool for providing powerful analytical methods. Here, the authors demonstrate that convolutional neural networks can identify nematic electronic order from STM data of twisted double-layer graphene—even in the presence of heterostrain.

Measurements show that smectic pair-density-wave order exists in the magnetic iron pnictide superconductor EuRbFe₄As₄ and that the pair-density-wave state is a primary, zero-field superconducting state in this compound.

The authors show a hysteretic behaviour of superconductivity as a function of electric field in bilayer Td-MoTe₂, representing observations of coupled ferroelectricity and superconductivity.

In moiré materials, structural relaxation phenomena can lead to unexpected and novel material properties. Here, the authors characterize an unconventional non-local relaxation process in twisted double trilayer graphene, in which an energy gain in one domain of the moiré lattice is paid for by a relaxation that occurs in the other.

Aperiodic structure imaging suffers limitations when utilizing Fourier analysis. The authors report an algorithm that quantitatively overcomes these limitations based on nonconvex optimization, demonstrated by studying aperiodic structures via the phase sensitive interference in STM images.

Tunable correlated states are observed in twist bilayer WSe₂ over a range of twist angles, with signatures of superconductivity for a twist of 5.1°.

Here, a combined experiment-theory framework based on different nano-imaging techniques and first-principle calculations is used to analyse the shapes of moiré patterns in twisted van der Waals structures, enabling an accurate description of the coupling between the atomically thin layers.

A monolayer of tungsten oxyselenide, created by oxidizing a layer of tungsten diselenide, can be used to efficiently dope graphene, leading to a room-temperature mobility of 2,000 cm² V^–1 s^–1 at a hole density of 3 × 10¹³ cm^–2.

Relativistic Dirac fermions can be locally confirmed in nanoscale graphene quantum dots using electrostatic gating, and directly imaged using scanning tunnelling microscopy before escaping via Klein tunnelling.

Metal-to-insulator transitions are characterized in twisted WSe, revealing strange metal behaviour and quantum criticality at low temperatures.

Combining the electronic properties of topological materials and superconductivity is predicted to yield exotic new transport phenomena. Here, the authors evidence surface superconductivity in the topological insulator Sb₂Te₃below 9 K induced by Te vapour over-pressuring during crystal growth.

The combination of piezoresponse force microscopy and optical measurements reveals the influence of strain in the formation of one-dimensional moiré patterns and the resulting behaviour of interlayer excitons in van der Waals heterostructures.

Here, the authors report intrinsic donor bound dark exciton states with associated phonon replicas in monolayer WSe₂, and defect control crystal synthesis for the deterministic creation of these states.

Observations of an electronic nematic phase in twisted double bilayer graphene expand the number of moiré materials where this interaction-driven state exists.

A combination of room-temperature nano-optical imaging and spectroscopy and atomistic theory reveals highly localized exciton states in nanobubbles of localized strain in monolayer WSe₂.

Ferromagnetism with a Curie temperature above room temperature in 2D materials is highly desirable for practical spintronics applications. Here, the authors demonstrate such phenomenon in monolayer MoS₂ via in situ iron-doping and measured local magnetic field strength up to 0.5 ± 0.1 mT.

Scanning tunnelling microscopy reveals an unexpected periodicity in the local density of states of a transition metal dichalcogenide — with a puzzling wavelength that casts the material as a quantum spin liquid.

Scanning tunnelling microscopy shows how the interaction between electrons in graphene and atomic vacancies in a copper substrate produces Kekulé ordering — an electronic phase that breaks chiral symmetry.

An electromechanical response to an out-of-plane electric field in van der Waals heterostructures enables direct visualization of moiré superlattices using piezoresponse force microscopy.

Scanning tunnelling spectroscopy is used to map the atomic-scale electronic structure of magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene, finding multiple signatures of electron correlations and thus providing insight into the sought-after mechanism behind superconductivity in graphene.

The electrical potential created by a moiré pattern in twisted transition metal dichalcogenide bilayers can be surprisingly deep, trapping electrons that can possibly be used for opto-electronic or quantum simulation applications.

Moiré heterostructures have latterly captured the attention of condensed-matter physicists. This Review Article explores the idea of adopting them as a quantum simulation platform that enables the study of strongly correlated physics and topology in quantum materials.