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Showing 1–9 of 9 results
Advanced filters: Author: Anne M. Estes Clear advanced filters

  • It is unclear whether species’ responses to climate change tend to be adaptive or sufficient to keep up with climate change. Here, Radchuk et al. perform a meta-analysis showing that in birds phenology has advanced adaptively in some species, though not all the way to the new optima.

    • Viktoriia Radchuk
    • Thomas Reed
    • Stephanie Kramer-Schadt
    ResearchOpen Access
    Nature Communications
    Volume: 10, P: 1-14

  • There are over 40 different simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) with which African primates are naturally infected; two of these have crossed the species barrier to generate human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and HIV-2). Although SIVs do not generally cause AIDS in primates, AIDS-like disease is now shown to occur in chimpanzee populations in the wild who are naturally infected with SIVcpz, a close relative of HIV-1.

    • Brandon F. Keele
    • James Holland Jones
    • Beatrice H. Hahn
    Research
    Nature
    Volume: 460, P: 515-519

  • Leonid Kruglyak and colleagues report high-throughput selective sequencing of a worldwide collection of 200 wild C. elegans strains, providing a comprehensive characterization of genetic variation in this species. They find that chromosome-scale selective sweeps have acted to reduce genetic variation and shape the C. elegans population structure in recent history.

    • Erik C Andersen
    • Justin P Gerke
    • Leonid Kruglyak
    Research
    Nature Genetics
    Volume: 44, P: 285-290

  • B cell responses are impaired in HIV-infected individuals. Elias Haddad and colleagues now report that follicular helper T (TFH) cells, which are crucial for the maturation of B cell memory and development of high-affinity antibodies, are functionally impaired upon interaction with lymph node germinal center B cells from HIV-infected individuals. The interaction of the inhibitory molecule PD-1 on TFH cells with its ligand PD-L1, which is elevated on germinal center B cells in HIV-infected lymph nodes, impairs TFH cell proliferation and antibody production by B cells, thus providing insight into humoral dysfunction in HIV infection.

    • Rafael A Cubas
    • Joseph C Mudd
    • Elias K Haddad
    Research
    Nature Medicine
    Volume: 19, P: 494-499

  • Yuen et al. developed a cloud-based database with 5,205 whole genomes from families with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). They identified 18 new candidate ASD-risk genes and approximately 100 risk genes and copy-number loci, which account for 11% of the cases. They also found that individuals bearing mutations in ASD-risk genes had lower adaptive ability.

    • Ryan K C Yuen
    • Daniele Merico
    • Stephen W Scherer
    Research
    Nature Neuroscience
    Volume: 20, P: 602-611