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Showing 1–35 of 35 results
Advanced filters: Author: Arthur Kaser Clear advanced filters

  • Glutarate rewires cell metabolism through conjugation to proteins or fatty acids, but how glutarylation is regulated is unclear. ABHD11 was identified as a lipoyl-deglutarylase to maintain the TCA cycle and mitochondrial metabolism.

    • Guinevere L. Grice
    • Eleanor Minogue
    • James A. Nathan
    ResearchOpen Access
    Nature Chemical Biology
    Volume: 21, P: 1915-1926

  • Inherited mitochondrial DNA mutations can result in diverse clinical phenotypes. Here, the authors characterise a heteroplasmic tRNAAla mutation (m.5019A>G) in mice and demonstrate that macrophages carrying this mutation display altered function and metabolism in vitro, along with increased type I IFN release following LPS challenge in vivo.

    • Eloïse Marques
    • Stephen P. Burr
    • Dylan G. Ryan
    ResearchOpen Access
    Nature Communications
    Volume: 16, P: 1-24

  • Variants of the human gene C13orf31 (LACC1) are associated with various disease risks. Kaser and colleagues identify a role for the protein encoded (called ‘FAMIN’) in regulating macrophage fatty-acid oxidation and lipogenesis.

    • M Zaeem Cader
    • Katharina Boroviak
    • Arthur Kaser
    Research
    Nature Immunology
    Volume: 17, P: 1046-1056

  • Metformin may serve as a non-toxic intervention to inhibit mitochondrial metabolism and slow DNMT3A-R882 clonal haematopoiesis expansion, thus delaying or averting progression to acute myeloid leukaemia.

    • Malgorzata Gozdecka
    • Monika Dudek
    • George S. Vassiliou
    ResearchOpen Access
    Nature
    Volume: 642, P: 431-441

  • A new study identifies oncostatin M (OSM) as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-refractory inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and pinpoints mucosal stromal cells as key players in OSM-mediated inflammation.

    • Walter M Kim
    • Arthur Kaser
    • Richard S Blumberg
    News & Views
    Nature Medicine
    Volume: 23, P: 535-536

  • A common variant of the autophagy protein ATG16L1 is a risk factor for Crohn's disease. But the genetic alteration is revealed only when the protein is cleaved by the enzyme caspase 3 during cellular stress. See Article p.456

    • Arthur Kaser
    • Richard S. Blumberg
    News & Views
    Nature
    Volume: 506, P: 441-442

  • Cholesterol synthesis is highly oxygen consuming but how it is regulated by oxygen levels has not been clear. Here, Dickson et al. identify a HIF-independent, oxygen-sensing pathway for controlling cholesterol synthesis in human cells involving hypoxic-mediated degradation of SREBP2.

    • Anna S. Dickson
    • Tekle Pauzaite
    • James A. Nathan
    ResearchOpen Access
    Nature Communications
    Volume: 14, P: 1-16

  • Variation in ATG16L1, a protein involved in autophagy, confers risk for Crohn’s disease, but mice with hypomorphic ATG16L1 activity do not develop spontaneous intestinal inflammation; this study shows that autophagy compensates for endoplasmic reticulum stress — common in inflammatory bowel disease epithelium — specifically in Paneth cells, with Crohn’s-disease-like inflammation of the ileum originating from this cell type when both pathways are compromised.

    • Timon E. Adolph
    • Michal F. Tomczak
    • Richard S. Blumberg
    Research
    Nature
    Volume: 503, P: 272-276

  • Niemann–Pick disease is characterized by the cellular accumulation of sphingomyelin. Blumberg and colleagues use both mouse models and materials from patients with Niemann–Pick disease to show that sphingomyelin accumulation inhibits CD1d-restricted NKT cell activation and development.

    • Espen Melum
    • Xiaojun Jiang
    • Richard S. Blumberg
    Research
    Nature Immunology
    Volume: 20, P: 1644-1655

  • Dietary lipids are linked to the development of inflammatory bowel diseases through unclear mechanisms. Here, the authors report that dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids trigger intestinal inflammation resembling aspects of Crohn’s disease, which is restricted by glutathione peroxidase 4 in the intestinal epithelium.

    • Lisa Mayr
    • Felix Grabherr
    • Timon E. Adolph
    ResearchOpen Access
    Nature Communications
    Volume: 11, P: 1-15

  • Atmospheric organic compounds are central to key chemical processes that influence air quality. Concurrent measurements of a wide range of these compounds, including previously unmeasured ones, provide closure on OH reactivity.

    • James F. Hunter
    • Douglas A. Day
    • Jesse H. Kroll
    Research
    Nature Geoscience
    Volume: 10, P: 748-753

  • Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is an increasingly recognized health problem. Its presentation ranges from simple steatosis to its inflammatory representation of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. This Review considers various modalities that have been tried for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, such as weight loss and/or exercise, thiazolidinediones, metformin, lipid-lowering agents and antioxidants, as well as considering treatments that are on the horizon.

    • Herbert Tilg
    • Arthur Kaser
    Reviews
    Nature Clinical Practice Gastroenterology & Hepatology
    Volume: 2, P: 148-155

  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is known to be controlled by T and B cell responses, but the role of natural killer T (NKT) cells is less clear. Richard Blumberg and his colleagues now show that NKT cells are activated immediately after HBV infection by presentation of an HBV-altered repertoire of lysophospholipids on infected hepatocytes and are necessary for the induction of optimal T and B cell responses and rapid viral control.

    • Sebastian Zeissig
    • Kazumoto Murata
    • Richard S Blumberg
    Research
    Nature Medicine
    Volume: 18, P: 1060-1068

  • A form of programmed cell death, necroptosis, in intestinal epithelial cells initiates mucosal inflammation. A study now finds that prostanoid EP4 receptor signalling interferes with RIPK1–RIPK3-dependent MLKL activation, thereby inhibiting necroptosis and accelerating resolution of inflammation.

    • Nicole C. Kaneider
    • Arthur Kaser
    News & Views
    Nature Cell Biology
    Volume: 23, P: 680-681

  • The unfolded protein response pathway that is induced by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has important roles in immune cell development and function, which have led to new insights into the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases.

    • Joep Grootjans
    • Arthur Kaser
    • Richard S. Blumberg
    Reviews
    Nature Reviews Immunology
    Volume: 16, P: 469-484

  • Here, the presentation of lipid antigens by CD1d is shown to induce retrograde anti-inflammatory signalling in intestinal epithelial cells, resulting in the production of IL-10.

    • Torsten Olszak
    • Joana F. Neves
    • Richard S. Blumberg
    Research
    Nature
    Volume: 509, P: 497-502

  • GPR35 controls the transmembrane ion gradient by regulating Na/K-ATPase function with knock-on effects on osmosis, cellular stress and glutamine uptake.

    • Joshua E. Elias
    • Mekdes Debela
    • Nicole C. Kaneider
    ResearchOpen Access
    Communications Biology
    Volume: 8, P: 1-13

  • Crohn’s disease is a progressive, destructive inflammatory bowel disease of unclear cause and involves chronic inflammation of any part of the gastrointestinal tract. This Primer reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of this disease.

    • Giulia Roda
    • Siew Chien Ng
    • Silvio Danese
    Reviews
    Nature Reviews Disease Primers
    Volume: 6, P: 1-19

  • Pflügler, Svinka et al. identify a subset of Paneth cells in mouse intestinal crypts and tumors, which express the immune checkpoint molecule Ido1 in a Stat1-dependent manner and promote tumor growth. Gene expression data from human colorectal cancer (CRC) suggest that a similar population is present in human cancer and opens the door for further studies of immune escape mechanisms in CRC.

    • Sandra Pflügler
    • Jasmin Svinka
    • Robert Eferl
    ResearchOpen Access
    Communications Biology
    Volume: 3, P: 1-14