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Brain probes reveal complexities of octopus sleep, and a hormone that could help make calorie-restricted diets more effective.

A 31,000-year-old skeleton shows evidence of complex surgery, and the latest from the Nature Briefing.

Designing a nutritious and planet-friendly diet, and an AI that guides mathematicians.

A conversation about the US election and the possible fallout for science, and are maternal behaviours learned or innate?

Two studies demonstrate how brain-computer interfaces could help people to communicate, and working out how hot it can get before tropical leaves start to die.

High-altitude observations may help explain how lightning happens — plus, researchers piece together a complete circuit-diagram of the fruit fly brain.

A hormone discovered in mice could help keep bones healthy during lactation, and a new way to edit genes in the gut microbiome.

Analysis of substances uncovered in embalming workshop gives insight into the mummification process, and how CAR T therapies could turbocharge cancer treatments.

Newly discovered documents reveal more about Rosalind Franklin’s role in solving DNA’s structure, and how multisensory experiences can create stronger memories in fruit flies.

An estimate of the deaths associated with COVID-19, and the lack of ethnic diversity in UK academia.

Embedded ‘nanocages’ help water dissolve large amounts of gas, and potential evidence that hominins walked on two legs seven million years ago.

A roundup of some recent stories from the Nature Briefing, including using leeches to survey wildlife, a potential interstellar meteorite, and more.

Challenging the dogma of gene evolution, and how chiral nanoparticles could give vaccines a boost.

A forecast of the environmental benefits of switching to microbial protein, and the neurons that help mosquitoes home in on humans.

DNA clues point to how dire wolves went extinct, a look at European science post-Brexit, and the lastest on RNA vaccines.

With a combined length of 23 million light years, these jets are the biggest yet discovered — plus, a single-step process for making metal alloys.

Enzymes embedded directly into the material allows PLA plastic to completely break down — plus a gel that can safely store proteins for shipping.

How a ring around a distant solar system object is puzzling researchers, and understanding the hidden dangers of indoor air pollution.

How to ensure polio doesn’t return after eradication, and the space explosion that’s baffling scientists.

A dual hearing system helps fish pinpoint a sound’s source — plus uncovering the secrets of the sensory structures that respond to touch during sex.

How knocking down a building helped researchers design a safer structure, and a sustainable 3D printing resin made from a bodybuilding supplement.

The mechanism of a gene implicated in Alzheimer’s disease, NASA’s Artemis rocket launch, and the latest news from COP27.

Researchers uncover how grid cells fire to help bats navigate, and a fabric that switches between being stiff and flexible.

Searching for an elusive process that could explain a cosmic imbalance, and solving the mystery of the missing microbial plasmids.

Researchers find the genetic mutations that allow some marsupials to soar, and an ultra-accurate clock is put through its paces on the high seas.

Removal of users shows the role social media companies could play in preventing misinformation sharing — plus how physicists coaxed ultracold molecules into an exotic quantum state.

A roundup of stories from the Nature Briefing, including the pros and cons of writing a paper with AI, record-breaking global temperatures, and a protein that boosts monkeys’ memories.

Looking back at the publication of the human genome, and how macrophages mend muscle.

Evidence of the first known neanderthal family group, and the latest from the Nature Briefing.

The award-winning science writer joins us to discuss her book Nomad Century.

Cold exposure in mice activates brown fat to deny tumours glucose, and the future of extreme heatwaves.

A new neural interface lets people type with their mind, and a crafting journey into materials science.

Ancient inner ears give clues to when mammals evolved ‘warm-bloodedness’, and an efficient enzyme that pulls carbon dioxide out of the air.

Funding for gun violence research in the US returns after a 20-year federal hiatus, and the glass sponges that can manipulate ocean currents.

Mapping the migration of the Vikings, and the world’s smallest ultrasound device.

Celebrating the tenth anniversary of the Higgs boson’s discovery, and supporting scientists who stutter.

The structure of a beetle’s super-strong exoskeleton could open up new engineering applications, and efforts to address diversity and equality imbalances in academia.

This study describes a novel mechanism of calcium control of metabolism found in the mitochondrial intermembrane space that is entirely independent of matrix Ca²⁺ uptake.

Mastodon DNA found in ancient Greenland permafrost, and modelling the climate emissions of the plastics sector.

Understanding deregulation of biological pathways in cancer can provide insight into disease etiology and potential therapies. Here, as part of the PanCancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) consortium, the authors present pathway and network analysis of 2583 whole cancer genomes from 27 tumour types.

Friendships with people from different economic backgrounds could boost your income, and reviving pig organs after death.

DNA-sequencing data from primary tumours and paired metastases from participants in the TRACERx lung study and PEACE autopsy programme are used to analyse the metastatic diversity of advanced non-small cell lung cancer and the seeding patterns that underpin it.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

New techniques are allowing greater insight into the brain activity underlying animal's drives and desires.

From 2014–2017, marine heatwaves caused global mass coral bleaching, where the corals lose their symbiotic algae. The authors find, this event exceeded the severity of all prior global bleaching events in recorded history, with approximately half the world’s reefs bleaching and 15% experiencing substantial mortality.

In high-temperature superconductors, a very low density of states, the pseudogap, exists even above the critical temperature. Here, the authors show that this is also the case for a conventional superconductor, titanium nitride thin films, and that this pseudogap is induced by superconducting fluctuations.

The role of finance in biodiversity is growing, yet gaps between financial and conservation expertise limit effective scrutiny. This Review examines and explains biodiversity finance mechanisms such as equity, loans, bonds and credits, showing how commercial viability is shaped by ecological and social risks, and highlighting barriers to scaling.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

Multi-omics datasets pose major challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation owing to their high-dimensional molecular profiles. Here, the authors develop ActivePathways method, which uses data fusion techniques for integrative pathway analysis of multi-omics data and candidate gene discovery.