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This study uses Strand-seq to explore the landscape of mosaic structural variants (mSVs) in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from people of different ages. The analysis highlights patterns of enrichment for mSVs in specific cell types, with associated phenotypes, and suggests that clonal expansions due to mSVs are generally restricted to older individuals.

In a prospective study, a smartwatch-based alerting system was able to detect pre-symptomatic and asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in a high percentage of cases.

Plasma levels of liver enzymes provide insights into hepatic function and related diseases. Here, the authors perform a genome-wide association study on three liver enzymes, identifying genetic variants associated with their plasma concentration as well as links to metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.

Several studies have recently demonstrated the role of the MSI2 RNA binding protein in normal and malignant haematopoietc stem cells. In this study, the authors show that MSI2 is required for maintaining myelodysplastic syndrome stem cells in mice and that MSI2 expression predicts poor prognosis in patients affected by this disease.

Satellite records combined with global ecosystem models show a persistent and widespread greening over 25–50% of the global vegetated area; less than 4% of the globe is browning. CO₂ fertilization explains 70% of the observed greening trend.

Nanocrystals are desirable light sources for advanced display technologies. Here, the authors report on double-crowned 2D semiconductor nanoplatelets as light downconverters that offer both green and red emissions to achieve a wide color gamut.

A multi-ancestry meta-regression study analyses diverse genome-wide association studies and genome loci associated with tobacco and alcohol use.

A genome-wide association study in large cohorts of patients with different types of cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors identifies genetic variants associated with immune-related adverse events.

The authors discovered that proinflammatory senescent myeloid cells may recruit peripheral immune cells in the aged mouse brain. Their findings implicate senescent cell clearance as a strategy to counter aged brain inflammation and cognitive decline.

Impact-induced acoustic and seismic wave events on Mars recorded by the InSight lander’s seismometer have been traced to fresh craters observed in spacecraft imagery.

Common genetic variants associated with plasma lipids have been extensively studied for a better understanding of common diseases. Here, the authors use whole-genome sequencing of 16,324 individuals to analyze rare variant associations and to determine their monogenic and polygenic contribution to lipid traits.

Circulating lipoprotein(a) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and shows variability between different ethnic groups. Here, Zekavat et al. perform whole-genome sequencing in individuals of European and African ancestries and find ancestry-specific genetic determinants for lipoprotein(a) levels.

Despite approved vaccines and anti-virals to prevent and treat SARS-CoV-2 infection, there is a need for further development of efficient antiviral therapeutic strategy. Here, Zhu et al. develop locked nucleic acid antisense oligonucleotides (LNA ASOs) targeting the 5’ leader sequence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA to interfere with replication of wildtype virus and variants of concern. Daily intranasal administration in K18-hACE2 humanized mice suppresses viral infection in lung.

A meta-analysis of 1,521 field observations from the past two decades led to the identification of 11 key measures to cost-effectively mitigate nitrogen pollution from global croplands.

KRAS is commonly mutated at codon 12 in several cancer types, offering a unique opportunity for the development of neoantigen-targeted immunotherapy. Here the authors present a pipeline for the prediction, identification and validation of HLA class-I restricted mutant KRAS G12 peptides, leading to the generation of mutant KRAS-specific T cell receptors for adoptive T cell immunotherapy.

The tau protein has been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders and can propagate from cell to cell. Here, the authors show that tau acetylation reduces its degradation by chaperone-mediated autophagy, causing re-routing to other autophagic pathways and increasing extracellular tau release.

The band topology of nonmagnetic crystals can be characterized by Topological Quantum Chemistry (TQC), whereas the band topology of magnetic crystals remains unexplored. Here, the authors extend TQC to the magnetic space groups to form a complete, real-space theory of band topology in magnetic and nonmagnetic crystalline solids.

Soft tissue trauma can result in aberrant osteochondral differentiation of local mesenchymal progenitor cells. Here the authors show that, in mice, soft tissue trauma results in NGF expression by perivascular cells, which leads to axonal invasion and drives abnormal osteochondral differentiation, and show that this process can be prevented by inhibition of NGF signaling.

A suite of methods enables programmable species- and locus-specific editing of bacteria in communities.

The combination of anti-GD2 and CD47 blockade mediates robust anti-tumor activity in mouse models of neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma and small-cell lung cancer by reorienting macrophage activity toward tumor cell phagocytosis.

A draft sequence of the staple crop kabuli chickpea, together with resequencing and analysis of 90 additional lines from 10 countries, provides a resource for breeders.

X-ray crystallography, cryo-electron microscopy, structural modelling, biochemistry, cell biology, and evolutionary analysis enable characterization of ORF2p, the reverse transcriptase of the ancient ‘parasitic’ LINE-1 retrotransposon that has written around one-third of the human genome.

Genetic and testing data from England show that the SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern B.1.1.7 has a transmission advantage over other lineages.

Pooling participant-level genetic data into a single analysis can result in variance stratification, reducing statistical performance. Here, the authors develop variant-specific inflation factors to assess variance stratification and apply this to pooled individual-level data from whole genome sequencing.

Post-international travel quarantine has been widely implemented to mitigate SARS-CoV-2 transmission, but the impacts of such policies are unclear. Here, the authors used linked genomic and contact tracing data to assess the impacts of a 14-day quarantine on return to England in summer 2020.

The formation of ternary degrader-protein complexes is a key step in the targeted degradation of proteins of interest. Here, the authors explore the structure and dynamics of such complexes applying high-performance computer simulations augmented with experimental data.

Results are presented that indicate that alterations to gene regulatory three-dimensional architecture are a critical mechanism that enables structural variant-based oncogene activation in cancer genomes and sheds light on the essential elements for such gene activation events.

In this study, Aggarwal and colleagues perform prospective sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 isolates derived from asymptomatic student screening and symptomatic testing of students and staff at the University of Cambridge. They identify important factors that contributed to within university transmission and onward spread into the wider community.

Meiotic cells deliberately break their DNA to allow chromosomes to swap genetic material. Here, authors reveal genetically separable pathways controlling the seeding and growth of chromosome-bound protein condensates responsible for DNA breaks.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of LptB₂FGC, in nucleotide-free and vanadate-trapped states, reveal the mechanism of lipopolysaccharide extraction from the inner membrane of Gram-negative bacteria and a role for LptC in efficient lipopolysaccharide transport.

Here, using clinical samples and autopsy tissues, the authors combine fast-colorimetric test (LAMP) for SARS-CoV-2 infection and large-scale shotgun metatranscriptomics for host, viral, and microbial profiling and provide a map of the viral genetic features of the New York City outbreak and associate specific host responses and gene expression perturbations with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The cryo-electron microscopy structure of mouse MFSD2A sheds light on the mechanism that underlies its lipid transport functions, which have a pivotal role in regulating the blood–brain barrier.

Individuals with COVID-19 are at increased long-term risk for a wide range of cardiovascular disorders, even for individuals who were not hospitalized during the acute phase of the infection.

A robust mass spectrometry workflow was developed for rapid drug perturbation profiling in multiple cell lines, enabling improved mechanistic deconvolution of single compounds and revealing novel mechanisms of action.

Electrons hopping in two-dimensional honeycomb lattices possess a valley degree of freedom. Here, the authors observe room-temperature valley Hall transport without any extrinsic symmetry breaking in the non-centrosymmetric monolayer and trilayer MoS₂ by purely electronic means, whereas no valley signal is detected for centrosymmetric bilayer MoS₂.

A genome-wide association study of 1.7 million individuals identified 41 genetic variants associated with left-handedness and 7 associated with ambidexterity. The genetic correlation between the traits was low, thereby implying different aetiologies.

Cancer is often associated with mutant transcription factors (TFs) but their functional characterization is challenging. Here, the authors describe a recurrent mutation within TF IRF4 in human lymphomas and they show how it causes a complex switch in TF specificity and functionality.

Heat and moisture stress can reduce carbon uptake by forests. Here, the authors quantify this effect for the extreme 2022 European summer drought. The widespread reduction of photosynthesis exceeded the large local carbon release by intense fires.

Cyster and colleagues show that CD97–CD55 interactions, which trigger Gα₁₃–ARHGEF–Rho cytoskeletal signaling, are needed for proper MZ B cell positioning/retention in the spleen and for optimal antibody responses to T cell-independent antigens.

The Cancer Genome Atlas reports on molecular evaluation of 295 primary gastric adenocarcinomas and proposes a new classification of gastric cancers into 4 subtypes, which should help with clinical assessment and trials of targeted therapies.

Above band-gap photovoltage could be achieved in materials with a net polarization. Here, Cooket al. compute the contribution to the shift current from the band edge and identify two classes of shift current photovoltaics materials, GeS and ferroelectric polymer films.

This paper reports integrative molecular analyses of urothelial bladder carcinoma at the DNA, RNA, and protein levels performed as part of The Cancer Genome Atlas project; recurrent mutations were found in 32 genes, including those involved in cell-cycle regulation, chromatin regulation and kinase signalling pathways; chromatin regulatory genes were more frequently mutated in urothelial carcinoma than in any other common cancer studied so far.

NEDD4-binding protein 1 (N4BP1) is identified as a suppressor of cytokine production that is inactivated by caspase-8, which provides insight into the mechanisms underlying the immunodeficiency caused by mutations in FADD and caspase-8.

Understanding the pathology in the lungs of patients with COVID-19 might provide clues as to the susceptibility of patients and how the SARS-CoV-2 virus can be fatal. Here the authors analyze cadaveric pulmonary tissue and show one group with high viral load, early death, inflammation and inflammatory damage, and another with low viral load, longer duration of disease, and more M2-like polarization and fibrotic lung damage.

The phase separation of two species of associating polymers is suppressed by a magic-number effect for certain combinations of the numbers of binding sites. Here the authors use lattice simulations and analytical calculations to show that this magic-number effect can be greatly enhanced if one component has a rigid shape.

A trans-ancestry genome-wide association study of serum urate levels identifies 183 loci influencing this trait. Enrichment analyses, fine-mapping and colocalization with gene expression in 47 tissues implicate the kidney and liver as key target organs and prioritize potential causal genes.