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A method for protein binder selection and identification, NestLink, uses barcoding peptides detectable by mass spectrometry to select and biophysically characterize thousands of binders without requiring the handling of individual clones.

Rearrangement of the B cell receptor is sequential, and pairing of the successfully assembled heavy chain with the surrogate light chain proteins VpreB and λ5 to form the pre-B cell receptor is an important checkpoint signal for continued B cell development. Here, the authors show that λ5 plays a key role in the multi-step assembly process involving association-induced folding reactions.

Nuclear-grade graphite is an important high-temperature structural material for fission reactors. Here, the authors perform simultaneous X-ray tomography and mechanical testing on a nuclear-grade graphite, finding simultaneous improvement of strength and toughness at elevated temperatures which they attribute primarily to reduction of residual tensile stresses in the as-made material.

The sequestration of misfolded proteins into large assemblies by sequestrases is now considered as the third pillar in protein quality control besides chaperones and proteases. Here the authors characterise the functions of the sequestrases Hsp42 and Btn2 in the proteostasis network of S. cerevisiae and find that they protect cells from too exhaustive depletion of the Hsp70 system.

Here the authors discover a dedicated ribosome-associated chaperone, Chp1, that assists in the challenging biogenesis of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1A (eEF1A) by cotranslationally stabilizing the growing GTPase domain of eEF1A.

The RNA-binding ubiquitin E3 ligase TRIM25 plays a critical role in antiviral immunity. Here the authors identify key RNA-binding residues of TRIM25, link RNA binding to antiviral activity, reveal RNA structural and sequence preferences, and investigate binding to the viral genome.

New biomarkers are required to improve the assessment of aortic wall integrity and risk of rupture. Here the authors report the development of an imaging probe for ADAMTS4, which they test in an abdominal aortic aneurysm mouse model and show in vivo prediction of aneurysm and rupture.

A Pitx1 enhancer shows activity in forelimbs and hindlimbs but only interacts with Pitx1 in hindlimbs because of its three-dimensional configuration. Structural variants that affect three-dimensional conformation induce Pitx1 expression in forelimbs and cause partial arm-to-leg transformation in mice and humans.

Characterizing proteases in their native environment is still challenging. Here, the authors develop a proteomics workflow for analyzing protease-specific peptides from cell lysates in 96-well format, providing mechanistic insights into blood proteases and enabling the prediction of protease substrates.

Viruses interact with their hosts via secreted and membrane-bound proteins to affect host immune responses and virulence. Here the authors contribute to our understanding of this relationship with an extracellular interaction map of human and adenoviral E3 immunomodulatory proteins.

A state that breaks time-reversal symmetry is observed in the normal phase above the superconducting critical temperature in a multiband superconductor. This could be explained by correlations between the Cooper pairs formed in different bands.

This Protocol introduces biomass-derived carbon nanodots as emerging photoinitiating materials in conventional radical polymerization (Type I and Type II systems) and as photocatalysts for atom transfer radical polymerization-based polymerization.

Epicardial engineered heart muscle allografts from induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes can safely and effectively remuscularize chronically failing hearts in rhesus macaques, leading to improved cardiac function and paving the way for human clinical trials.

Freeze-casting cellulose nanofibres, graphene oxide and clay results in insulating and fire-resistant foams that could improve the energy efficiency of buildings.

Alkaline lignin (AL) is an abundant biomaterial from the wood industry with various functional potential, however, its application as a light-sensitive component is not well-developed. Here, the authors utilize AL as a heterogeneous sensitizer in a Cu-catalyzed radical photopolymerization of methyl methacrylate with ethyl α-bromophenylacetate by exposure at 420 nm.

Ing et al. develop a method of establishing direct relationships between psychiatric symptoms and neuroimaging measures of brain structure and function and use it to stratify adolescent psychopathology on the basis of underlying biology. They replicate their results in independent clinical samples.

Alloy systems like Si/FeSi₂ nano composites have great potential as stable anode materials in Li-ion batteries, but their characterization at different scales and throughout their ageing remains challenging. Here the authors use scattering and 2D/3D imaging techniques combined with modeling to elucidate morphology changes upon cycling of the anode.

Cotranslational assembly is a prevalent mechanism for the formation of oligomeric complexes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with one subunit serving as scaffold for the translation of partner subunits.

In a GWAS study of 32,438 adults, the authors discovered five novel loci for intracranial volume and confirmed two known signals. Variants for intracranial volume were also related to childhood and adult cognitive function and to Parkinson's disease, and enriched near genes involved in growth pathways, including PI3K-AKT signaling.

Silicon undergoes large volume changes during lithium insertion and extraction, affecting the internal lithium-ion battery structure. Here, the mechanisms of how non-hydrostatic strain upon electrochemical cycling affects the crystalline silicon core was investigated.

The authors defined a roadmap for investigating the genetic covariance between structural or functional brain phenotypes and risk for psychiatric disorders. Their proof-of-concept study using the largest available common variant data sets for schizophrenia and volumes of several (mainly subcortical) brain structures did not find evidence of genetic overlap.

Introducing GenomeNet-Architect, a neural architecture design framework that automatically optimises the overall layout of the architecture, the hyperparameters, and the training procedure of deep learning models for genome sequence data.

Oxidation-specific epitopes (OSEs) function as markers of oxidative damage of membrane lipids. This Review discusses the immune recognition of OSEs, as well as their role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and their contribution to the development of inflammatory diseases.

Global introduction of m6dA into human DNA in HEK293 cells reduces their viability and directly alters their gene expression.

Self-GenomeNet, a self-supervised learning technique, is trained by predicting unlabeled reverse-complement genome sequences of different lengths and improves the performance of models substantially when a limited amount of labeled data is available.

In this review article, an overview of recent studies on heat-responsive and photoresponsive adhesive materials and the characteristics of other external stimuli used for dismantlable adhesive systems are described. Then, research on dismantlable adhesive materials using polyperoxides is introduced as an example of early material design. Next, the development of a dual-stimuli responsive dismantlable adhesive material is interpreted as a material design for achieving stability during use and degradability during dismantling. Finally, recent studies on heat-responsive, dismantlable adhesive materials, which are thermally stable during use while responding quickly during disassembly by heating, are described.