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In this study, benzotrithiophene-based covalent organic frameworks with spatially separated oxidative and reductive reaction centers are rationally designed for photocatalytic production of H₂O₂ from water and oxygen without sacrificial agents.

Direct exsolution of immiscible CO₂ vapour and brine from magma greatly enriches the brine in molybdenum, a likely factor in the genesis of the Dabie-type porphyry deposits that supply much of the World’s molybdenum

Recent studies suggest spatial segregation of tumor initiation and manifestation in IDH-WT glioblastomas. Here, the authors use serial MRI/3D-reconstruction, whole-genome sequencing and spectral karyotyping-based single-cell phylogenetic tree building to establish this unique evolutionary mode in a murine model.

Genome editing of three SWEET gene promoters endows rice with resistance to all Xanthomonas bacterial blight strains tested.

Splicing factors are often mutated in hematological malignancies. Here, the authors perform an in vivo shRNA screen in a CEBPA mutant AML mouse model and identify that RBM25 controls the splicing of pre-mRNAs encoding BCL-X and BIN1 to exert its tumour suppressor activities in AML.

Defect-free crystals showing the glassy trend of low thermal conductivity with a monotonic increase with temperature are desirable but rare. Here, the authors observe atomic tunneling associated with low and glass-like thermal conductivity in a hexagonal perovskite chalcogenide single-crystal BaTiS₃.

Temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma is associated with MGMT overexpression. Here, the authors identify a lncRNA that is a competitive endogenous RNA for miR-20b-3p, which causes c-Met activation to modulate acetylation of histone H3 on MGMT promoter through Stat3/p300 complex to increase MGMT expression and temozolomide resistance.

Sequencing and genomic diversification of five allopolyploid cotton species provide insights into polyploid genome evolution and epigenetic landscapes for cotton improvement.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

In this study the authors measure the concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and vitamin D binding protein (DBP) in 65,589 neonatal dried blood samples. Findings from further analyses include that the genetic correlates of DBP concentration predict the risk of vitamin D deficiency.

Nitrogen-doped lutetium hydrides LuH_2±xN_y synthesized using a high-pressure and high-temperature synthesis technique did not show near-ambient superconductivity at pressures below 40.1 GPa.

Neurons in the central amygdala contribute to the reward prediction error responses of dopamine neurons to facilitate reward learning, but are not involved in aversive learning.

The Biodiversity Cell Atlas aims to create comprehensive single-cell molecular atlases across the eukaryotic tree of life, which will be phylogenetically informed, rely on high-quality genomes and use shared standards to facilitate comparisons across species.

Monoallelic VSG expression is essential for Trypanosoma brucei survival. Competition between TbRAP1’s RNA and dsDNA binding activities ensures that TbRAP1 sustains a high level expression of the active VSG while silencing other VSGs globally.

Wei et al. report a unique interspecific ascidian hybrid system and single-cell RNA sequencing to reveal the temporal hierarchy, spatial heterogeneity, and allele-specific expression of zygotic genome activation in urochordates.

The mechanical properties of metal nanostructures depend on nature of the adhesion layer attaching it to a substrate. Chang et al.find that the properties of phonons in gold nanodisks vary with adhesion layer thickness, and that this response can act as a probe of the metallic composition of the disk.

Increasing the dimensionality of entangled states improves robustness and capacity of secure quantum communications, but it requires suitably modified setups. Here the authors report the distribution of high-dimensional polarization and energy-time entangled photons via a 1.2 km-long free-space link.

Bioelectronic devices for cell electrical stimulation and nerve regeneration can be hampered by nonspecific binding of proteins and cells. Here, the authors present a membrane biomimetic conducting polymer that is cell selective, and thus may be useful in neural tissue engineering.

Metallic nanoparticles are commonly used to facilitate light trapping in organic solar cells, but they can also reduce cell performance. Wu et al.demonstrate that a trap-assisted recombination of charge carriers leads to degradation, irrespective of an initially enhanced absorption and excitation.

Losses in solar cells can be caused by material defects in the bulk or at interfaces. Here, Zheng et al. use quaternary ammonium halides to passivate various perovskite absorbers and prepare solar cells with certified efficiency above 20%, suggesting that both anionic and cation defects are affected.

Disorder, topology, symmetry, and dimension intertwine to form a rich landscape in the study of quantum phase transitions. In this work, the authors uncover two exotic metallic phases-disordered half-quantized Hall metal and marginal metal in magnetic topological insulator films, opening avenues in topological materials, disorder physics, and quantum transport research.

Direct measurements of carbon fixation rates in groundwater suggest a substantial contribution of in situ primary production to subsurface ecosystem processes.

Here, the authors develop an AAV-CRISPR mediated somatic knock-in. They apply this system to restore hemostasis in neonatal hemophilia B mice and show liver-specificity of the knock-in and low serum antibody production.

Li et al. developed a base-editing system to edit mutations linked to autism. Targeting a mutation in Mef2c restored Mef2c protein levels in several brain regions and reversed behavioral changes in Mef2c-mutant mice.

Realization of a gyromagnetic double-zero-index metamaterial results in unconventional optical and topological properties, suitable to be used for the generation of light pulses shaped as a vortex both in time and space.

The wild rice species can be used as germplasm resources for this crop’s genetic improvement. Here Chen and colleagues report the de novo sequencing of the O. brachyanthagenome, and identify the origin of genome size variation, the role of gene movement and its implications on heterochromatin evolution in the rice genome.

A study finds that N-terminal RT–Cas9 nickase fusion, versus the commonly applied C-terminal fusion, and multiple-nucleotide substitutions in prime editing guide RNAs can synergistically and greatly enhance the efficiency of prime editor 3 in rice and maize.

Multi-gap topology is a new avenue in topological phases of matter but it remains difficult to verify in real materials. Here, the authors predict multi-gap topologies and associated phase transitions driven by braiding processes in the phonon spectra of monolayer silicates, providing clear signatures for experimental verification.

Aged hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are characterised by reduced regenerative potential and a loss of quiescence. Here, the authors show nicotinamide riboside treatment shrinks the age-enlarged stem cell pool and shifts aged HSC functionally, metabolically and molecularly towards the young state.

GY3 encodes a LOG-like protein that acts as a 5′-ribonucleotide phosphohydrolase in cytokinin synthesis. A Gypsy solo-LTR insertion downregulates GY3 expression and shows the potential to enhance grain yield in rice.

Snakes have many characteristics that distinguish them from their relatives. Here, Yin et al. sequence the genome of the five-pacer viper, Deinagkistrodon acutus, and use comparative genomic analyses to elucidate the evolution of transposable elements, developmental genes and sex chromosomes in snakes.

E3 ubiquitin ligases regulate biological functions by ubiquitinating defined substrate proteins but overlapping specificities complicate the identification of E3-substrate relationships. Here, the authors construct an orthogonal UB transfer cascade and identify specific substrates of the E3 enzyme E6AP.

Tuning the oxygen activity in perovskite oxides (ABO₃) holds great potential for overcoming the trade-off between activity and selectivity in redox reactions. This paper highlights how A-site cations influence the electronic state of oxygen and how subsurface A-site vacancies enhance oxygen activity for improved methane conversion.

Depression is correlated with many brain-related traits. Here, Shen et al. perform phenome-wide association studies of a depression polygenic risk score (PRS) and find associations with 51 behavioural and 26 neuroimaging traits which are further followed up on using Mendelian randomization and mediation analyses.

Electrochemical reduction of nitrogen is a promising route to industrial-scale nitrogen fixation at ambient conditions, but is challenged by activation of inert nitrogen. Here the authors report a metal-free catalyst that selectively reduces nitrogen to ammonia with high efficiency and stability.

Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) in the intimal layer of the synovium can become invasive and destroy cartilage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here the authors integrate a variety of epigenomic data to map the epigenome of FLS in RA and identify potential therapeutic targets.

Schizophrenia (SCZ) risk is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Here, the authors develop a statistical method for analyzing gene-by-environment effects in SCZ risk across Denmark with fine spatial resolution.

Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy can provide chemical sensitivity at a single-molecule level. Measurements on individual molecules adsorbed on a thin salt layer unveil that components of the electric field perpendicular to the tip provide sensitivity to the symmetry of the vibrational modes of the molecule.

One of the major routes for the use of CO₂ in chemical production is the formation of carbonates via cycloaddition of CO₂ to epoxides. This work uses a range of experimental and computational techniques to map out the elusive key intermediates in this process.

Receptor tyrosine kinases are often activated in malignant gliomas. Here, the authors develop a dual functionalized brain targeting nano-inhibitor to simultaneously target EGFR and MET pathways, and show this can overcome temozolomide resistance in glioma.