Search

Collision-induced spin–orbit transitions involve multiple interaction potentials and are by nature non-adiabatic, complicating both their experimental and theoretical study. Crossed-beam experiments and non-Born–Oppenheimer quantum calculations for inelastic collisions of carbon atoms with helium atoms, down to energies corresponding to temperatures below 10 K, have now been performed. Quantum-dynamical resonances predicted by theory were experimentally detected.

Here, as part of the Sherlock-Lung study, the authors profile the microbiomes of 940 lung cancers in never smokers finding no significant associations with demographic and clinical features, suggesting lung bacteria are unlikely to have a sizable role in lung cancer.

Rjoob et al. develop CardioKG, a knowledge graph built on cardiac imaging traits to identify genetic associations and potential therapeutic strategies and drug repurposing opportunities for cardiovascular diseases.

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, and threatens more and more elderly people in the Western world. A model of this disease has now been developed in the fruitflyDrosophila melanogaster . This model should prove useful in understanding the pathology of the disease and, perhaps, in developing ways to treat it.

Exome sequencing within a structured diagnostic process for rare diseases in Germany shows how facial image analysis and machine learning can guide variant prioritization and uncover many ultrarare diseases.

Researchers have fired ultracold-atom Bose–Einstein condensates towards the submicrometre-featured potentials formed by the optical near-fields of surface plasmons. The strength and structural dependence of the optical near-fields were determined from the reflection of cold atoms. It is hoped that the work paves the way towards plasmonic guiding and the manipulation of cold atoms.

The use of ammonia as an alternative fuel relies on its electrochemical conversion to dinitrogen in a fuel cell. Now a stable metal–metal bonded diruthenium complex is shown to spontaneously produce dinitrogen from ammonia under ambient conditions and is also able to electrocatalyse the oxidation of ammonia to dinitrogen at low potentials.

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an aggressive T-cell lymphoma often with poor prognosis. To identify genes defining ALCL cell state and dependencies, the authors here characterize ALCL-specific super-enhancers and describe the BATF3/IL-2R−module as a therapeutic opportunity for ALCL.

The magnetic field imaging on microscopic scale is of great importance to fundamental research as well industrial applications. Here the authors show the capability to visualize and characterize the magnetic properties with 100-micrometer resolution in macroscopic samples using a cold polarized neutron beam in neutron grating interferometry.

Analyses of genomes from 914 children, adolescents, and young adults provide a comprehensive resource of genomic alterations across a spectrum of common childhood cancers.

Broadband Fabry–Pérot etalons are used as calibration sources in radial velocity exoplanet detection. This Article explores their performance limits and models the physical mechanism behind their complex measured chromatic drift.

Cardiovascular ageing is characterised by a progressive decline in function, which contributes to multi-morbidity. Here, the authors use machine learning to predict biological age and identify key genetic risk factors.

A genome-wide association study including over 76,000 individuals with schizophrenia and over 243,000 control individuals identifies common variant associations at 287 genomic loci, and further fine-mapping analyses highlight the importance of genes involved in synaptic processes.

A single-cell screening approach identifies targets for CAR-T cells in acute myeloid leukemia.

O’Regan and colleagues use deep-learning cardiac motion analysis in participants of the UK Biobank to measure diastolic functional traits and perform a genome-wide association study to generate insights into the genetic and environmental factors that influence diastolic function.

Myocardin-related transcription factors (MRTFs) increase muscle growth and regeneration. Here, Hinkel et al. show that MRTFs also promote microvessel growth and maturation in chronic ischaemic disease of the heart or peripheral muscle by increasing the expression of the pro-angiongenic factors, CCN1 and CCN2.

The spectroscopic and photometric observations of a high-mass, transiting warm Jupiter, TIC 241249530 b, with an orbital eccentricity of 0.94, provide evidence that hot Jupiters may have formed by means of a high-eccentricity tidal-migration pathway.

Breakdown of vascular barriers is a major complication of inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying platelet recruitment to inflammatory micro-environments remains unclear. Here, the authors identify haptotaxis as a key effector function of immune-responsive platelets

Sexual dimorphism in genetic vulnerability to schizophrenia, systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjögren’s syndrome is linked to differential protein abundance from alleles of complement component 4.

What makes human Argonaute 2 (Ago2) slicing competent in contrast to AGO1, 3 and 4, which lack RNA cleavage activity, has remained unclear. Now, a molecular evolution approach, called DNA family shuffle (DFS), reveals features of AGO1, 3 and 4 that explain their RNA-slicing deficiency and suggests the juxtaposition and combined action of multiple disseminated protein modules.

GestaltMatcher uses a deep convolutional neural network to improve recognition of rare disorders based on facial morphology. The framework detects similarities among patients with previously unseen syndromes, aiding discovery of new disease genes.

Blood brain integrity is compromised in autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system (CNS0. Here Stefan Bittner et al. report that expression of TWIK-related potassium channel-1 (TREK1) is decreased in individuals with multiple sclerosis and mice with autoimmune disease. The severity of EAE is increased in mice deficient in TREK1. Activation of TREK1 using riluzole or a diet enriched in linseed oil attenuates disease severity and reduces leukocyte infiltration into the CNS, suggesting that TREK1 may be targeted to reduce the migration of immune cells into the CNS.

As computation is increasingly integrated into drug research and development, this Perspective analyzes company business models, funding and deals to provide unique insights into risks and opportunities in this quickly maturing industry, which aims to expedite the creation of life-saving therapeutics.

William Foulkes and colleagues identify germline inactivating mutations in familial cases of small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT). Through additional analysis of non-familial tumors, the authors find that nearly 100% of tumors carry SMARCA4 mutations and 38 of 40 lack protein expression, implicating SMARCA4 loss as the major cause of SCCOHT.

The development of a nanoparticle RNA vaccine is reported that preferentially targets dendritic cells after systemic administration, and is shown to provide durable interferon-α-dependent antigen-specific immunity in mouse tumour models; initial results in advanced melanoma patients indicate potential efficacy in humans.