Immune checkpoint blockade is a powerful anticancer approach; however, it only works for some patients. Here, Lesterhuis and colleagues argue that response to immune checkpoint blockade is a critical state transition of a complex system. They discuss recent advances in mathematics and network biology that might facilitate the identification of dynamic biomarkers, which in turn might help distinguish responders from non-responders and determine new targets for combination therapy.
- W. Joost Lesterhuis
- Anthony Bosco
- Richard A. Lake
