The incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer have increased over the past two decades. Research into risk factors plus the ability to identify precursor lesions has permitted studies of chemoprevention for esophageal cancer to be performed; however, esophageal cancer continues to have a poor prognosis. In this Review, the authors focus on the epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis and prevention of both esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and esophageal adenocarcinoma.
- Sarah B Umar
- David E Fleischer
