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Scanning tunnelling microscopy shows that electrons in twisted bilayer graphene are strongly correlated for a wide range of density. In particular, a correlated regime appears near charge neutrality and theory suggests nematic ordering.

Scanning tunnelling microscopy is enhanced by microwave radiation that allows photon-assisted tunnelling processes. This technique is demonstrated on impurity states in a superconductor.

The superconductivity in Bernal bilayer graphene that emerges from the spin–orbit coupling induced by proximal tungsten diselenide can be tuned by modulating the twist angle between the two materials.

In materials known as graphene nanoribbons, topological states can be precisely engineered and probed, providing an experimental platform for studying electronic topology.

Transistors rely on electrical gates to control conductance but this is challenging on the atomic-scale. It is now shown that individual charged atoms can be used to electrostatically gate a single-molecule transistor with sub-ångström precision.

The remarkably strong coupling between the electronic and vibrational modes of suspended carbon nanotube quantum dots provides a new way of studying quantized mechanical motion.

Luttinger-liquid theory describes interacting electrons in one dimension, so long as their energies are linear as a function of momentum. When the energies become nonlinear, particles and holes behave differently, with particles able to relax when injected into a quantum wire.

Molecular self-assembly is a promising method for growing 2D kagome lattices. Here the authors report a kagome lattice of magnetic molecules on a superconducting surface and show the resulting magnetic bound states and their hybridization in the superconductor.

A large Josephson diode effect has been reported at liquid-nitrogen temperatures in twisted flakes of Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+δ.

By analysing atomic-scale Pb–Pb Josephson junctions including magnetic atoms in a scanning tunnelling microscope, a new mechanism for diode behaviour is demonstrated, opening up new paths to tune their properties by means of single-atom manipulation.

Previous studies of magnetic adatom chains on superconducting substrates have mostly focused on the regime of dense chains and classical spins. Here, using scanning tunnelling microscopy, the authors study the excitation spectra of Fe chains on a NbSe₂ surface, adatom by adatom, in the regime of quantum spins.

Topological quantum computation schemes — where quantum information is stored non-locally — provide, in theory, an elegant way of avoiding the deleterious effects of decoherence, but they have proved difficult to realize experimentally. A proposal to engineer topological phases into networks of one-dimensional semiconducting wires should bring topological quantum computers a step closer.

A layer-by-layer study of TaSe₂ shows how this material becomes increasingly insulating as it thins to a monolayer. Scanning tunnelling microscopy reveals the electronic correlations underlying this insulator with atomic resolution.

Topological qubits are attractive because of the potential to store quantum information in a topologically protected manner; however, they are challenging to realize. This Review surveys the recent attempts to realize topological qubits out of materials systems that combine superconductivity, spin–orbit coupling and a magnetic field, and surveys both theoretical ideas and experimental results.