It is unlikely that tumors are entirely dependent on only one abnormally activated signaling pathway and, consequently, treatment with an agent interfering with a single target may be insufficient. This Review discusses the experimental and early-stage clinical evidence to support the relevance of EGFR-dependent and VEGF-dependent pathways, their functional links and the implications of acquired resistance to targeted therapies.
- Giampaolo Tortora
- Fortunato Ciardiello
- Giampietro Gasparini
