Graves disease, an autoimmune disease characterized by an enlarged and overactive thyroid gland, is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism in iodine-sufficient areas. In this Review, the authors describe the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and conventional treatment of Graves hyperthyroidism and Graves orbitopathy and discuss advances that have enabled development of novel treatment modalities.
- Giulia Lanzolla
- Michele Marinò
- Francesca Menconi
