Saldanha, Zhu et al. present an integrated pipeline combining weakly supervised learning with local artificial intelligence (AI) model training via swarm learning (SL) to circumvent a need for centralized data sharing. Deploying SL internationally with on-site data processing addresses challenges such as data privacy and annotation variability enabling AI training across international datasets while preserving data privacy.
- Oliver Lester Saldanha
- Jiefu Zhu
- Jakob Nikolas Kather
