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Millions of people each year are forcibly displaced due to floods. Mester et al. show that measures of human development and rural areas are more important than GDP per capita in explaining the varying vulnerability to such displacement.

Systematic characterization of longitudinal tau variability in human Alzheimer’s disease using an unbiased subtyping algorithm reveals four trajectories of tau deposition with distinct clinical features.

Understanding the underlying physics and improving the performance of mixed lead halide perovskite materials remains a challenge. Here, the authors present experimental and theoretical study of structural phases, phase transitions, and dipolar dynamics in the mixed cation MA1-xDMAxPbBr3 perovskites.

This postmortem study identifies brain-first and two body-first subtypes in prediagnostic cases of Lewy body disease. It highlights sympathetic and parasympathetic pathways in body-first disease, advancing insights on disease onset and progression.

CSF α-synuclein seed amplification assays detect Lewy body pathology accurately but are invasive and costly. Here, the authors show that a two-step workflow using smell-function prescreening maintained 94% accuracy while reducing CSF testing by 43%.

Asymmetrical distribution of tau pathology in Alzheimer’s disease is linked to asymmetrical amyloid-beta deposition, not reduced brain connectivity, suggesting regional vulnerability plays a key role in determining the distribution of tau pathology.

Append editing of ADP-ribosyl to thymine is used for precise modifications in bacteria and eukaryotes.

The largest harmonized proteomic dataset of plasma, serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples across major neurodegenerative diseases reveals both disease-specific and transdiagnostic proteomic signatures, including a robust plasma profile associated with the APOEε4 genotype.

Nanoparticle biomolecular corona fingerprints vary with disease state. Here, the authors use integrated multi-omics to show that inflammatory disease dynamics alter corona formation, immune cell interactions, and activation profiles via TLR4 signalling, which could impact nanoparticle uses.

Large-scale plasma proteomics of 10,527 samples from the Global Neurodegeneration Proteomics Consortium identified shared and disease-specific pathways in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and frontotemporal dementia.

Lifetime-encoded materials are attractive as optical markers. Here, the authors report a design strategy for true orthogonality in encoding based on heterometallic rare-earth MOFs with independently variable lifetime and composition.

Siderophores from diet-derived or intestinal fungi can be used by Salmonella for growth in the murine gut.

Using human cerebrospinal fluid proteomics, the authors found that proteins associated with Aβ pathology in Alzheimer disease were mainly expressed in glial cells, whereas those associated with tau tangle were linked to metabolism and mainly expressed in neurons.

The tau protein is theorized to spread transneuronally in Alzheimers disease, though this theory remains unproven in humans. Our simulations of epidemic-like protein spreading across human brain networks support this theory, and suggest the spreading dynamics are modified by β-amyloid

The human hippocampus plays a role in many different cognitive systems. Here the authors find that a single pattern of brain gene expression can predict how different parts of the hippocampus interact with the rest of the brain.

A low energy demand, 1.5 ^∘C compatible pathway is provided for Europe from a country scale modelling perspective. The pathway shows in 2050 a 50% reduction of final energy demand and a 100% renewable energy share, with very limited needs for imports.

CSF biomarker concentrations may be influenced by non-disease related interindividual variability. Here, the authors show that reference proteins can capture this variability and enhance the accuracy of Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers.

Lewy body diseases exhibit notable clinical and pathological heterogeneity. Here, the authors found three distinct trajectories of Lewy body pathology that are associated with different clinicopathological characteristics.

Salvadó et al. developed and validated a CSF-based staging model for sporadic Alzheimer’s disease, which accurately reflects biomarker and clinical changes, enhancing diagnostic and prognostic assessments of participants for clinical setting and trials.

Saloner et al. used large-scale cerebrospinal fluid proteomics to uncover molecular signatures in frontotemporal dementia, revealing RNA splicing and synaptic protein candidate markers for genetic and sporadic disease progression.

It is unclear whether trait trade-offs and optimality principles observed at the individual level scale up to the ecosystem level. Here, the authors show that plant trait coordination principles also predict patterns between community-level traits and ecosystem-scale processes.

Changes to structural and functional connectivity can give rise to neurodegeneration and neurodevelopmental diseases. Here the authors investigate molecular and connectomic patterns in 13 different neurological, psychiatric and neurodevelopmental diseases from the ENIGMA consortium.

Patterns of gene expression vary across the human cerebral cortex. Here, Misic et al. reveal a ventromedial–dorsolateral gradient of gene assemblies and show that this corresponds to a functional gradient between affective and perceptual domains.

Swarm Learning is a decentralized machine learning approach that outperforms classifiers developed at individual sites for COVID-19 and other diseases while preserving confidentiality and privacy.

A combination of electron cryotomography and immunofluorescence microscopy reveals the structure of the core transmembrane subcomplex of the Legionella defective in organelle trafficking (Dot)/intracellular multiplication (Icm) type IVB secretion system (T4BSS) and an early-stage assembly process by which T4BSS components are targeted to the bacterial poles by DotU and IcmF.

The suppression of edge-localized modes in tokamak plasmas is crucial to prevent them from damaging the walls of the chamber. Now experiments confirm the role that magnetic islands play in suppressing these detrimental modes.

Plasmodium parasites use Duffy-binding proteins (DBPs) to invade erythrocyte precursor cells via binding to host protein DARC. Now this interaction is examined by structural and functional work on Plasmodium vivax DBP, revealing that it binds to DARC as a dimer and providing insights into host protective responses and immune evasion by the parasite.

Neurodegenerative diseases show idiosyncratic spatial patterns of progressive protein malformations in the brain. In this Perspective, Vogel et al. discuss the role of inter-regional connectivity in constraining and modulating the spread of pathological proteins and provide a framework for patient-tailored prognostics.

The mechanisms through which β-amyloid impairs human memory remain unclear. This study shows that regional-specific β-amyloid load in cognitively normal older adults impairs NREM slow wave oscillations, thereby compromising overnight hippocampus-dependent memory consolidation. NREM sleep disruption therefore represents a novel mechanistic pathway through which β-amyloid contributes to hippocampus-dependent memory dysfunction in later life.

Integration of postmortem molecular and dendritic spine morphological measurements enables the detection of microscale molecules associated with person-to-person variability in macroscale brain connectivity estimated from antemortem neuroimaging.

As phase 1 of the Earth Microbiome Project, analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA sequences from more than 27,000 environmental samples delivers a global picture of the basic structure and drivers of microbial distribution.

The DNA-damage checkpoint kinase Chk2 is a candidate tumour suppressor. Independently of DNA damage, Chk2 regulates spindle assembly and maintenance of chromosomal stability through phosphorylation of BRCA1.

This study uses fMRI to find that the previously reported amyloid-β-associated hyperactivation is likely to represent a compensatory mechanism, rather than pathological overexcitation. The authors found that older adults with amyloid-β depositions had more activation during a memory task, and the degree of detailed memory formation varied with this activity.

Combined analysis of proton-proton collision data from the Large Hadron Collider at CERN by the CMS and LHCb collaborations leads to the observation of the extremely rare decay of the strange B meson into muons; the result is compatible with the standard model of particle physics, and does not show any signs of new physics, such as supersymmetry.

Using the lifespan brain chart and two large-scale cross-cultural consortia (ABIDE and CABIC), we disentangle the heterogeneity of brain morphology in ASD into two structural impairment pathways that could disrupt sensory to association functions.

Recent clinical trials have highlighted the need for Alzheimer disease (AD) staging rather than simply noting the presence or absence of AD pathology. This article reviews current biomarker-based AD staging systems and outlines hypothetical frameworks to stage AD severity using fluid biomarkers.