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The quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories is anticipated to be an important scientific application of future quantum computing capabilities. This work elaborates on a formulation of lattice gauge theory quantum simulation that aims to require quantum computing techniques akin to those for simulating ϕ⁴ scalar field theory by utilizing non-compact continuous variable quantum degrees of freedom.

Topological terms arise naturally in gauge theories but have been difficult to implement in quantum simulators. Now, a tunable topological θ-angle is demonstrated with a cold-atom platform.

Gauge theories host important phenomena such as confinement that are difficult to study theoretically. Advances in quantum computers have now made it possible to perform digital quantum simulations of confinement dynamics in a gauge theory.

Large-scale quantum simulations of gauge theories are relevant to high-energy and condensed matter physics. This Review covers recent developments in simulating lattice gauge theories using cold atoms.

Tabletop quantum simulators have arisen as a powerful and highly configurable tool to study dynamics in quantum many-body systems. In this work, the authors propose an advancement of an existing optical-lattice setup for simulating lattice quantum electrodynamics to two spatial dimensions, and demonstrate its fidelity using numerical simulations.

Gauge theories are frameworks describing elementary particles and their interactions as mediated by gauge bosons and have acquired increased recent interest in connection to quantum supremacy. The authors analytically and numerically present a gauge-protection scheme based on the concept of a local pseudogenerator, applying it for nonperturbative errors generation in analog quantum simulators up to the thermodynamic limit

Many-body localization is an important example of non-ergodic behaviour, however the conditions for its existence and stability are not fully established. Kloss et al establish theoretically and numerically the absence of many-body localization in a broad class of spin models respecting certain symmetries.

Quantum simulation in a 71-site optical lattice certifies gauge invariance, showing how this essential property of lattice gauge theories can be maintained across a quantum phase transition.

Quantum electrodynamics on a one-dimensional lattice can lead to the localization of charges, in contrast to the thermalizing dynamics ubiquitous in nature. In this work the authors identify the physical origin of such non-thermal signatures and attribute it to the fracturing of the underlying Hilbert space.

The robust implementation of gauge fields coupled to dynamical matter in large-scale quantum simulators is limited by the ever-present gauge-breaking errors. The authors propose an experimentally suitable scheme combining two-body interactions with weak fields, demonstrating its robustness against gauge breaking errors and its flexibility in the study of various models with Z2 gauge symmetry.