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Showing 1–11 of 11 results
Advanced filters: Author: John Hernlund Clear advanced filters

  • Mantle flow patterns may be reconstructed from mineral orientations. Experiments show that the high-pressure mineral post-perovskite can inherit texture from its lower-pressure counterpart, suggesting new ways of interpreting flow in the deepest mantle.

    • John Hernlund
    News & Views
    Nature Geoscience
    Volume: 6, P: 516-518

  • The boundary between Earth’s rigid lithosphere and ductile asthenosphere is marked by a seismic discontinuity. Laboratory experiments on basaltic magmas show that melts should pond at pressures that correspond to the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary. Thus, magma ponding could explain the observed seismic discontinuity.

    • Tatsuya Sakamaki
    • Akio Suzuki
    • Maxim D. Ballmer
    Research
    Nature Geoscience
    Volume: 6, P: 1041-1044

  • Based on diamond-anvil cell experiments and cutting-edge secondary ion mass spectrometry analyses, the authors here show that hydrogen may be an important constituent in the Earth’s core and also in the metallic cores of any terrestrial planet or moon having a mass in excess of 10% of the Earth.

    • Shoh Tagawa
    • Naoya Sakamoto
    • Hisayoshi Yurimoto
    ResearchOpen Access
    Nature Communications
    Volume: 12, P: 1-8

  • This study identifies the predicted seismic expression of the high-to-low iron spin crossover in the deep Earth mineral ferropericlase. A depth-dependent signal is detected in the fastest and slowest regions, related to lateral temperature variations, of several global seismic tomography models.

    • Grace E. Shephard
    • Christine Houser
    • Renata M. Wentzcovitch
    ResearchOpen Access
    Nature Communications
    Volume: 12, P: 1-11

  • Seismic data are inconsistent with a compositionally homogenous lower mantle. Simulations show that viscosity variation with depth in Earth’s early mantle may have prevented efficient mixing and allowed ancient mantle domains to persist.

    • Maxim D. Ballmer
    • Christine Houser
    • Kei Hirose
    Research
    Nature Geoscience
    Volume: 10, P: 236-240

  • For the first billion years or so of the Earth's history, there may have been whole-mantle convection, but after this period differentiation of the Earth's mantle has been controlled by solid-state convection. Many trace elements — known as 'incompatible elements' — preferentially partition into low-density melts and are concentrated into the crust, but half of these incompatible elements should be hidden in the Earth's interior. It is now suggested that a by-product of whole-mantle convection is deep and hot melting, resulting in the generation of dense liquids that sank into the lower mantle.

    • Cin-Ty A. Lee
    • Peter Luffi
    • John Hernlund
    Research
    Nature
    Volume: 463, P: 930-933

  • We have found many Earth-sized worlds but we have no way of determining if their surfaces are Earth-like. This makes it impossible to quantitatively compare habitability, and pretending we can risks damaging the field.

    • Elizabeth Tasker
    • Joshua Tan
    • June Wicks
    Comments & Opinion
    Nature Astronomy
    Volume: 1, P: 1-2

  • Emerging evidence for threefold higher heat flow across the core–mantle boundary prompts a re-evaluation of the role of thermal plumes in geodynamics and the thermal history of the Earth's core and lower mantle.

    • Thorne Lay
    • John Hernlund
    • Bruce A. Buffett
    Reviews
    Nature Geoscience
    Volume: 1, P: 25-32